282 COMPOSITE. Encelia. 



E. Californica, Nutt. Woody only at base, 2 to 4 feet liigli, strong-scented, minutely 

 pubescent and sometimes cinereous when young, at least the foliage glabrate and green : 

 leaves from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, rarely denticulate or toothed, about 2 inches long : 

 heads commonly solitary and large, the disk nearly inch broad, brownish or purplish: invo- 

 lucre white-viilous . rays 16 to 20, an inch or more long, golden 3-ellow: akenes obovate, 

 with ver}' shallow notch and no jiappus ; the margins very long-villous. — Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Roc. vii. 357; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 317 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 351. — Dry ground, California 

 near the coast, from Santa Barbara to San Diego, thence east to the borders of Arizona, 

 where is a smaller-flowered form, E. tonspersa. Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 88, not Benth. ? 



E. farinosa, Gray. Shrubby, excej^t the nearly leafless flowering branches or corymbosely 

 branched peduncles, 2 to 5 feet high, leaves (and the leafy branches) silvery-white Avith a 

 close fui-furaceous tomentum, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, contracted at base into a rather 

 long petiole- lieads somewhat paniculate, smaller, the disk only half-inch broad, yellowish- 

 involucre short, barely pubescent rays 6 to 10, only half-inch long: akenes obovate, with a 

 deep notch and no pappus. — Emory Kep. 143, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. E. invca. Gray. Bot. Mex. 

 Bound. 88, not Benth. — Dry hills, S. E. California and Arizona, first coll. by Coulter. 



E. frutescens, Geay. Shrubby below, 2 or 3 feet high, with widely spreading monoceph- 

 alons branches, hispiduloiis-scabrous and at least the branches cinereous : leaves ovate or 

 oblong, ol)tuse, half-inch or an inch long, abruptly ])etioled mostly from a rounded base : 

 heads rather long-peduncled, variable in size: rays either none, few, or numerous, biit short 

 (quarter to half inch long) and 3-4-lobed : akenes very long-villous on the margins, with a 

 small narrow notch at summit pappus either none or of two delicate long-villous awns. — 

 Proc. Am. Acad. viii. G57, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. Sinixm (Gercca) fnitpscena, Gray, Bot. Mex. 

 Bound. 89. — Gravelly hills and ravines, S. Utah, Arizona, and S. E. California; first coll. 

 by Fremont. 



* * Herbaceous perennial . leaves linear, entire. 



E. scaposa, Gkay. Minutely scabrous-puberulent, a foot or more high : leaves all crowded 

 at and near tlie base of the slender scapiform and simple monoce])halous stem, rather rigid, 

 entire, 2 or 3 inches long, a line or two wide : involucre loose : rays several, obovate or 

 cuneiform, half-inch or less long, 3-toothed : akenes (immature) very villous all over, as also 

 the pappus of two chaffy awns. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 7. Simsia ? ( Gerwa.) scaposa, Gray, 

 PI. Wright, ii. 88. — New Mexico, and stony hills between the Mimbres and the Eio Grande, 

 Wriijht. 



* * * Herbaceous from an annual or biennial root (at Toast the first species): leaves apparently- 

 all alternate, somewhat dentate: awns of the pappus large and conspicuous, thick at ba?e, con- 

 f iiiuous from the rather strong and very villous margins of the cuneate akene. — Gercea, Torr. & 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 48. 



E. eriocephala, Gray. A foot or two high, hirsute witli white hairs: stem simple or 

 l)ranched from the annual root, leafy below, nearly leafless toward the somewliat paniculate 

 heads : leaves cuneate-obovate or ovate-oblong ; lower tapering into margined petioles, upper- 

 most reduced to sparse subulate bracts : heads about half-inch high : bracts of the involucre 

 linear-lanceolate, green, but the lower half and tlie margins very white with long villous 

 pubescence: rays 12 or more, cuneate-obovate or spatulate, half-inch or more long, golden 

 yellow : akenes cuneate, sligiitly emarginate between the thick-liased awns. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 657; Bot. Calif. 1. c. Gcnea canescois, Torr. & Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 48. 

 Simsia (Gercca) canescens, Gray, PI. Fendl. 85. — Low grounds and sand-hills, through the 

 arid region of W. Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada and S. E. California; first coll. by 

 Coulter, then by Fremont. 



Var. paniculata. A greener and less hairy form, paniculately branched ; the nu- 

 merous heads of only half the ordinary size. — S. Arizona, Prin;jle. 



E. viscida, Gray. A foot or two high, branching, leafy up to the usually short simple 

 peduncles, viscid-glandular and hirsutely villous : leaves thinnish ; cauline all ovate or oblong, 

 obtuse, closely sessile and clasping by an auriculate or cordate base ; lower ones and base of 

 stem not seen : heads nearly an inch high and broad : bracts of the viscid involucre oblong, 

 obtuse, at length much sliorter than the yellow disk : rays none : akenes narrowly cuneate, 

 truncate between the awns. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 78, & Bot. Calif, i. 616. — Mountains of 

 San Diego Co., California, Palmer, Parish. 



