294 COMPOSIT.E. Coreo2:sis. 



inches in length and half-inch to inch wide), thns closely imitating a whorl of six : disk- 

 flowers dull yellow : akenes obovate-elliptical, 2-toothed at summit by extension of the broad- 

 ish wing, the teeth sometimes aristellate-pointed. — Fl. ii. 128; Pur«h, Fl. ii. 568; Nutt. in 

 Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 77 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. C. major, Walt. Car. 214 ■> — Dry and 

 usually sandy woodlands, N. Carolina to Florida. The typical form is softly and minutely 

 pubescent. Passes into the following 



Var. stellata, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Smooth and glabrous throughout ; divisions of the 

 leaves from oblong to broadly lanceolate, sometimes rather attenuate at base (rarely, or in a 

 monstrosity, the middle one 3-cleft !), sometimes a part or even all the leaves entire ! — C. stel- 

 lata (Soland. in Jierb. Banks), Nutt. Jour. Acad. 1. c. C. senifolia, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3484. 

 C. Q^mJe.ri, Ell. Sk. ii. 435, the abnormal entire-leaved form. — Upper country and moun- 

 tains, Virginia and Kentucky to Georgia. Passes, especially in the lower country, to 



Var. rigida, Nutt. "Divisions of the leaves lanceolate, mostly attenuate at base, from 

 2 to 3 or 4 lines wide, mostly quite glabrous. — Gen. ii. 180. C Wraji, Nutt. Jour. Acad. 

 1. c. C. (MphinifoUa, var. rigida, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — S. Carolina to Florida, in the low 

 and middle country. Narrowest-leaved forms closely approach C. delphimfoUa. 



* * Perennial, tall: leaves petioled and pinnately 3-5-divided, except the uppermost: otherwise 

 nearly as the preceding. — § Chri/sostemmn, Torr. & Gray. Chrysostemma, Less., DC. 



C. tripteris, T. Smooth and glabrous, or leaves minutely pubescent : stem strict, 4 to 8 

 feet liigh, simple, with corymbose or fastigiate flowering branches : leaflets lanceolate, rather 

 obtuse, 2 to 5 inches long ; the pinnate veins connected by an ob.scure vein just witliin the 

 scabrous margin : heads half-inch or less high, and oblong rays almost inch long : disk-flow- 

 ers dull yellow turning brownish : akenes with narrow wings obscurely lacerate or denticu- 

 late at summit : no proper pappus : heads when bruised anise-scented. — Spec. ii. 908 (Moris. 

 Hist. sect. 6, t. 3, f. 44) ; Miclix. Fl. ii. 138 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Anacis tripteris, Schrank, ex 

 DC. Chrijsostemma tripteris, Less. Syn. 227 ; DC. Prodr. v. 5G8 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3553. 

 — Near streams, in rich soil, Penn. to Wisconsin and Louisiana. 



* * * Perennial, tall: leaves short-petioled, undivided, copiously pinnately veiny and serrate: 

 stj'le-tips conical-pointed: akenes oblong-lanceolate, wingless, the narrow truncate apex desti- 

 tute of teeth or any kind of pappus: flowering late. — § Silphidium, Torr. & Gra\'. 



C. latifolia, Michx. Glabrous and smooth, or pubescent, 3 to 5 feet high, leafy and simple 

 to near the top : leaves membranaceous, 6 to 9 inches long, ovate or oval, acuminate at both 

 ends, sliort-petioled ; the long-mucronate teeth callous-tipped: heads several or numerous: 

 involucre halt-inch high, narrow; bracts of the outer loose and herbaceous, linear, more or 

 less shorter than the thin and narrowly oblong inner ones, hardly united at base : rays nar- 

 rowly oblong, entire, over half-inch long : disk-corollas yellow, barely brownish in age : 

 akenes nearly 4 lines long. — Fl. ii. 137; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 341. — Higher mountains, 

 N. Carolina to Georgia. 



* :5(; # * Annuals, late-flowering, some perhaps biennial, leafy-stemmed and branching: leaves 

 thinnish, petioled, pinnately 3-7-parted or divided, rarely undivided, these or their divisions 

 pinnately veiny and incised or serrate, the principal veins often running to the sinuses: heads 

 numerous: bracts of the involucre mostly distinct to the base; the outer loose and spreading or 

 reflexed, usually foliaceous, irregular, sometimes numerous: rays obovate-oblong, almost always 

 entire, conspicuously many-nerved, disk-flowers didl yellow: anthers black: akenes wingless 

 or obscurely margined, obovate or cuneate-oblong, unicostate on each face, straight, more or 

 less 2-dentate or 2-aristate, sometimes the lateral ribs produced at summit into a tooth or awn. 

 — § Diodonta, Torr. & Gray. Diodonta, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phd. Soc. vii. 360. (Transition to 

 BicUns: differing only in the absence of retrorse barbs to the awns of the pappus, and some 

 species hybridizing with those of Bidcns.) 



•i— Heads radiate: rays golden yellow; bracts of the outer involucre about 8, not longer than the 

 inner: akenes cuneate-oblong or obovate-cuneate, somewhat angiilate-thickened on the faces, 

 obscurely cihate or naked-margined. 

 C. aiirea, Ait. Glabrous or nearly so, 1 to 3 feet high : leaves various, more commonly 3-7- 

 divided, with lanceolate divisions or leaflets incisely serrate or lobed, or upper leaves undi- 

 vided • rays half or two-thirds inch long, akenes broadly cuneafe, only one or two lines 

 long, slightly hairy, bearing two very short and rather divergent and blunt chaffy teeth, and 

 rarely obscure ones from the lateral angles. — Ait. Kew. lii. 252 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 339. 

 C. coronata, L. Spec. ed. 2, ii. 1281, as to herb., but excl. syn. Plum, (from which the "foliis 



