Helenium. COMPOSITE. 347 



A. Richardsonii, Nutt. A span to a foot high, in tufts from a multicipital perennial 

 caudex, ohsi-urely puberulent or nearly glahrous, woolly in the axils of radical leaves, fas- 

 tigiately cyniose, polycephalous : upper leaves mostly once and lower twice ternately parted 

 into long and simple filiform-linear lobes, rather rigid : involucre campanulate, 2 or 3 lines 

 high, 6-9-angled ; tiie 6 to 9 bracts of the outer strongly carinate, united for the lower quar- 

 ter or third : rays broadly or sometimes narrowly cuneate, 2 to 4 lines long : palete of the 

 pappus attenuate-acumiuate. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 379; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Gray, 

 PI. Feudl. 101, witli var. floribunda, a tall and full-flowered form. Picradenia Richardsonii, 

 Hook. Fl. i. 317, t. 108. — Plains, Saskatchewan and E. Oregon to Utah and New Mexico. 



A. odorata, Gr.\y. Diffuse and at length much branched from an annual root, a span to 

 2 feet higli, with scattered small heads terminating leafy brandies : leaves once to thrice 

 ternately parted into filiform lobes, not rigid : involucre campanulate, rigid ; outer of 7 or 8 

 oblong bracts, united at base: palere of the pappus ari.stately attenuate. — PI. Fendl. 101, 

 PI. Wright, i. 122, & Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 33. Hiimenoxijs odorata, DC. Prodr. v. 661 ; 

 Deless. Ic. iv. t. 42. Philozera mulfijlora, Buckley, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, 459. — Open 

 ground, Texas to S. California; also sparingly in Kansas, where it is probably naturalized. 

 (Mex.) 



158. HELENIUM, L. Sneeze-weed. (Ancient Greek name of Ele- 

 campane, or some other plant, which was said to be named after the wise Helemis, 

 .son of Priam.) — N. American and Mexican herbs, erect, mediocre or tall; with 

 alternate simple leaves, which are sometimes decurrent, commonly resinous-atom- 

 iferous (therefore bitter-aromatic) and impressed-punctate, and with pedunculate 

 heads of usually yellow or occasionally brownish-tiuiied flowers, produced in sum- 

 mer or autumn. — DC. Prodr. v. 667; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 413, with the 

 synonymy (except Anihlyolepis, and adding Hecuhcca) ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 

 ix. 202. Helenium, Leptopoda (Nutt.), and Hecuhcea, DC. Prodr., to which 

 Cephalophora (Cass.), § 1, DC, should be added. 



§ 1. OxtLEPis. Rays fertile, numerous, long and narrow: disk-corollas with 

 moderately long proper tube : pappus of elongated paleoe : bracts of the involucre 

 numerous in two series, tardily reflexed in fruit : leaves not decurrent on the 

 stem. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 205. Dugaldea, Cass. Oxylepis, Benth. PI. 

 Ilartw. 87. 



H. Hoopesii, Gray. Slightly tomentose or pubescent when young, soon glabrate : stem 

 stout, 1 to 3 feet high, from a strong perennial root, leafy, bearing several or sometimes 

 solitary large heads : leaves thickish, entire, oblong-lanceolate, or the lower spatulate witli 

 long tapering base, somewhat nervose : rays becoming inch long, tardily reflexed : disk half 

 to three-fourths inch high, hemispherical: receptacle in fruit ovoid-hemispherical: paleae of 

 the pappus ovate-lanceolate, long attenuate-acuminate, a little shorter tlian tlie corolla. — 

 Proc. Acad. Philad. 1863, 05, Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 205, & Bot. Calif, i. 392. — Rocky Moun- 

 tains, Montana to New Mexico, Arizona, and Sierra Nevada, California; first coll. by 

 Thomas Hoopes. 



§ 2. EuiiELENiiTM. Rays fertile (rarely sterile, occasionally wanting), with 

 cuneate or oblong soon drooping rays : disk-corollas with proi^er tube very short 

 or reduced to a mere ring : palete of the pappus not dissected : involucre com- 

 paratively simple and small, of slender linear or .subulate often unequal bracts, 

 soon reflexed : plants from glabrous to puberulent, leafy-stemmed, mostly branch- 

 ing. — Gray, 1. c. 



* Root annual : leaves all filiform-linear, not decurrent on the stem or branches. 



H. tenuifoliura, Nutt. Glabrous, slender, fastigiately much branched, very leafy up to 

 the slender peduncles : leaves mostly entire : rays often half-inch long, much surpassing the 

 globular disk : receptacle depressed-liemispherical (a line and a half in diameter) : palete of 



