364 COMPOSITE. Matricaria. 



cet. 31. — Arctic sea-coast to Alaska and the Hudson Bay country, commonly in a dwarf and 

 mouoceplialous form with blackish involucre (var. nana, Torr. & Gray, 1. c, Chrjisanthemum 

 grand i/iorum, Hook., Pijrcthrum iiiodorum, var. nanu,m, Hook. Fl. 1. c), occasionally wanting 

 the ray, var. elifjulata, Seem. Bot. Herald, 33. The common taller and branching European 

 form is naturalized in some parts of Canada and Maine. (Eu., Asia.) 



§ 2. Akenes more terete, with 3 to 5 slender oftea unequal or indistinct ribs, 

 the surface commonly developing mucilage when wetted. 



M. CHAMOMfLLA, L. Annual, a foot or two high, quite resembling Anthemis CotuJa, aromatic : 

 heads 3 lines high, and rays of the same length : bracts of tlie involucre oblong, fuscous : 

 receptacle ovate-conical or oblong in age : akenes small, with an obscure border and usually 

 no distinct pappus; the inner face unequally 5-ribbed. — Curt. Fl. Lond. v. t. 63; Schk. 

 Handb. t. 253. — Waste grounds, S. New York and New Jersey. (Nat. from Eu.) 



Var. CORONATA, Gay, ex Boiss. Akenes of the ray and commonly most of the disk 

 furnished with a conspicuous thin-scarious cleft and toothed and sometimes unilateral pap- 

 pus, not rarely surpassing the tube of tiie corolla. — M. coronata, Gay in Koch, Fl. Germ, 

 ed. 2, 416. M. Courrantia, DC. 1. c. 72 ; Webb, Phyt. Canar. ii. t. 89. M. p;/rc4hruidcs, DC. 

 1. c, from Mex. Courrantia chamontiUoides, Schultz Bip. iu Webb, Phyt. Canar. ii. 278. — 

 Cult, fields, 8. Texas, Digelow. (Adj. Mex.) 



M. discoidea, DC. Annual, somewhat aromatic, glabrous, a span to a foot high, very 

 leafy : leaves 2-3-pinnately dissected into short and narrow linear lobes : heads all short- 

 peduncled : bracts of the involucre broadly oval, white-scarious with greenish centre, hardly 

 half the length of the well-developed greenish yellow ovoid disk : receptacle high-conical : 

 akenes oblong, somewhat angled, with an obscure coroniform margin at summit, this occa- 

 sionally produced into one or two conspicuous oblique auricles of coriaceous texture. — Prodr. 

 vi. 50 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 413. M. tanacdoidcs, Fisch. & Meyer, Ind. Sem. Petrop. vii. 52. 

 Santolina suaveolens, Pursh, Fl. ii. 520. Artemisia inatricarioides, Less, iu Linn. vi. 210. 

 Tanacetum inatricarioides, Less. Syn. 265. T. suaveolens. Hook. Fl. i. 327, t. 110. T. pauci- 

 Jlorum,'DC.l. c. 131, not Richards. Cotida matricarioides, Bong. Veg. Sitch. 150. Lepi- 

 dotkeca (Lepidanthus) suaveolens, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 397. — Open ground, 

 W. California to Unalaska and Behring Island, east to Montana, and becoming naturalized 

 in the Atlantic States near railroad stations. (N. Asia; nat. iu N. Eu.) 



174. CHRYSANTHEMUM, Tourn., L. (Old Greek name, Xpva-dv- 

 Oefxov, i.e. golden flower.) — Chrysanthemum & Leucanthemum, Tourn. Pyre- 

 thrum, Gajrtu., &c. — Mostly an Old- World genus, only a small portion of the 

 species with yellow rays : 11. summer. 



C. SEGETUM, L. (CoRN-CnRYSANTiiEMUM Or Corn-Martgold of Europc), is a ballast-weed 

 at New York and Philadelphia, and is in fields at Oakland, California. This and C. coro- 

 nArium, L., are genuine Chrysanthemums, annuals, with golden yellow rays as well as disk- 

 flowers, and 3-sided or 3-winged raj^-akenes. 



C. SiNENSE and C. Indicum, L., of China and Japan, are the parents of the autumn-flowering 

 perennial Chrysanthemums of gardens and houses, and form a peculiar section of the genus. 



C. ? nAnum, Hook. Fl. i. 320, is Blennosperma Californicum. 



§ 1. Pyreti-irum, Benth. & Hook. Herbaceous or suffruticulose perennials; 

 Avith comparatively large and broad heads, either solitary or loosely corymbose : 

 rays usually conspicuous: akenes all equably 5-10-costate. — Pyi-ethrum, Goertn. 

 Pyretlirum, Leucanthemum^ Plagius, &c., DC. Tanacetum in part, Schultz Bip. 



* Rays described as yellow, but perhaps white, short : leaves bipinnately dissected into niaiij- small 

 linear lobes. 

 C. bipinnatura, L. Slender, a span to a foot high from a creeping rootstock, villous or 

 glabrate, bearing usually a solitary head of half-inch diameter : rays obovate, little sur- 

 passing the merely convex disk : pappus a short crown. — Spec. ii. 890 ; founded on Gmel. 

 Fl. Sibir. ii. 205, t" 85, f. 1. Pyrethrum hipinnalum, Willd. Spec. iii. 2160 ; DC. Prodr. vi. 60. 

 Tanacetum Kotzebuense, Bess., ex DC. 1. c. 131. T. bipinnatum, Schultz Bip. Tauacet. 48. — 



