Tragopogon. COMPOSITE. 415 



f. 8-10; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xi.x. 63. — Desert region, W. Nevada, Watson, ShocUey. 

 Edge of desert at Sau Felipe, !San Diego Co., Califoniia, Parish. 



§ 3. Hemipti'lium, Gray, 1. c., xix. 63. Heads 5-flowered, small : receptacle 

 naked : involucre merely calyculate : papjjus of 4 to 6 narrow and rigid paleae 

 (rather than awns), not longer than the akene, sparsely short-plumose toward the 

 summit, fuscous. — Hemiptilium, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 105, excl. spec. 



S. Schottii, Gray. Probably annual, with habit of S. paniculata or S. exigua, slender : 

 loosely paniculate, 3 lines long : involucre of 4 or 5 thinnish bracts and 2 or 3 small calycu- 

 late ones : ligules barely 3 lines long : akenes less than 2 lines long, rather narrow, 4-5- 

 angled, tapering very slightly from truncate summit to base, minutely scabrous between the 

 smooth angles. — Bot. Calif, i. 427. — llenuptllium Schutlii, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 1. c. — 

 Arizona, on the Gila River, Schott. Kot since collected. 



214. CH^TADELPHA, Gray. (Xa[Trj, bristles, and dSeXt^j/, sister, the 

 bristles or awns of pappus as it were 5-adelphous.) — Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 218 ; 

 Rothrock in Wheeler Eep. 182, t. 15. — Single species. 



C. "Wheeleri, Gkay, 1. c. Much branched from a perennial root, flexuous and fastigiate, 

 with aspect of Stephanomeria, or more of L/igodesmia, a foot or two high : leaves narrowly 

 linear, entire, uppermost reduced to subulate scales: heads solitary terminating the branch- 

 lets: involucre half-inch and more high, somewhat exceeded by the pappus. — W.Nevada, 

 on the borders of Arizona, Wheeler. Near Pyramid Lake, Leinnion. 



215. RAFIN!ESQUIA, Nutt. {Constantine S. Rafnesque Sehmalz, a 

 noted botanist.) — Glabrous and branching slightly succulent and Sonchus-like 

 winter annuals (Calif ornian and New Mexican), leafy ; with pinnatifid leaves, re- 

 duced on the flowering branches to herbaceous bracts : the heads rather large, 

 with showy white or rose-tinged flowers, mostly matutinal. — Nutt. Trans. Am. 

 Phil. Soc. vii. 429 ; Gray, PL Wright, ii. 103, & Bot. Calif, i. 429. 



R. Californica, Nutt. 1. c. Mostly robust, 2 or 3 feet high, paniculately branching, bear- 

 ing numerous heads: leaves oblong (larger 4 to 6 inches long); cauline partly clasping: 

 involucre thickened at base (half to three-fourths inch high), of 12 to 1.5 princijial bracts and 

 some spreading calyculate ones : ligules comparatively short: beak of the akenes very slen- 

 der, as long as the body : pappus dull white. — Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound, t. 34, figure not good. 

 — Moist or shaded ground, common in California toward the coast : a smaller-tiowered form 

 in N. W. Arizona, Palmer. 



R. Neo-Mexicana, Gkay. A foot or less high, more slender, bearing few but larger and 

 more showy heads and much smaller leaves, the lower of these often runcinate : involucre 

 narrow, more cylindraceous, sometimes inch long, little thickened at base, of fewer bracts : 

 ligules large and conspicuous (half-inch and more long), white or tinged with flesh-color : 

 beak of akene more gradually tapering, therefore stouter, ratiier shorter than the body : pap- 

 pus bright white, of firmer bristles, the plume somewhat arachnoid. — PI. Wright. 1. c. — 

 Sand-hills, &c., in the desert region, S. E. California to S. Utah and New Mexico on the Rio 

 Grande ; first coll. by Wright. 



216. TRAG0P6G0N, Goat's-beard, Salsify. (Tpayo?, goat, TroVav, 

 beard.) — Old World biennials or rarely perennials, glabrous ; with long taproot; 

 entire and grass-like nervosa leaves clasping at base ; long and stout peduncles 

 commonly thickened and fistulous under the large head ; the flowers yellow or 

 purple, closing at noon or earlier. — Two species sparingly naturalized, one of 

 them cultivated. 



T. porrif6lit;s, L. (Salsify, Oyster-plant.) Commonly 2 or 3 feet high ; peduncle 

 strongly clavate-thickened and fistulous for 2 or 3 inches beneath the head, which becomes 



