424 COMPOSITiE. Apargidium. 



225. APARGtDIUM, Torr. & Gray. (Likeness to Apargia, a sort of 

 Dandelion.) — Fl. ii. 474; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 430. — Single species. 



A. boreale, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Glabrous and slender perennial: leaves wholly radical, 

 linear lanceolate, entire or nearly so, thinnish : scapes at length a foot high : involucre half 

 to three-fourths inch high : corollas deep yellow, conspicuous. — Apargia 6orea//s, Bongard, 

 Veg. Sitch. 146. Leontodon hnreale, UC. Prodr. vii. 102. Mirroseris borcalis, Schultz Eip., 

 ex Herder in PI. Radd. iii. (4), 28. — Wet meadows and bogs, Alaskan Islands {Mertens, 

 &c.) to Mendocino Co., California. Mature akeues not yet seen. 



226. HIERACIUM, Tourn. Hawkweed. (The Greek and Latin name, 

 from tepaf, a hawk.) — A huge European genus, and with a moderate number of 

 peculiar American species ; perennial herbs, often with toothed but never deeply 

 lobed leaves ; heads in ours from small to barely middle-sized, paniculate, rarely 

 solitary ; the flowers yellow, in one species white, produced in summer and 

 autumn, usually open through the day. — Fro^lich in DC. Prodr. vii. 198; Fries, 

 Symb. Hist. liier. (1848), & Epicrisis Hier. (1862); Benth. & Hook. Gen. PI. 

 ii. 516 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 65. Sections after Fi'ies. 



H. Kalmii, L. The original in the Linnsean herbarium is some wholly i:ndetermined plant, 

 probably not at all from Pennsylvania, nor from America, certainly not of this genus. 



§ 1. PiLOSELLA, Fries. Involucre not distinctly calyculate nor regularly 

 much imbricate : pappus a single series of delicate bristles : akeues oblong, trun- 

 cate : natives of the Old World. 



H. AURANxfACUM, L. Somewhat stoloniferous from the tufted rootstocks, long-hirsute and 

 above seto.se-hispid as well as setulose-glandular, the involucre especially with dark hairs : 

 leaves radical and near the base of the simple scape or peduncle: heads (four lines high) in 

 a naked cymose cluster: flowers deep orange-color to flame-color: pappus whitish. — Jacq. 

 n. Austr. t. 410 ; Fl. Dan. t. 1 112. — Escaped from gardens to roadsides and fields in several 

 places. New England and New York. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. pr^eAltum, Vill. Glaucous, 2 feet or more high: stems scapiform, leafy only near the 

 base, and there (as also the lanceolate leaves) sparsely beset with bristly hairs : heads rather 

 numerous in an open cyme: involucre about three lines high. — A form of this appears to 

 be establislied, along fences and field borders, near Evans Mills and Carthage, N. New York, 

 L. F. Ward. (Nat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. ArchierXcium, Fries. Livolucre of the comparatively large heads 

 irregularly more or less imbricated : pappus of more copious and unequal bristles : 

 akenes columnar, truncate : chiefly natives of the Old World. 



* Stem scapiform, or only with a leaf or two above the base. 



H. MUROKUM, L. The form called H. prcecox, Schultz Bip., or nearly: leaves thin, oval or 

 oblong, obtuse, incisely dentate toward the subcordate base : scapiform stem a foot or less 

 high, bearing few or several cymose heads: involucre 4 or 5 lines high, dark-glandular. — 

 Open woodlands near Brooklyn, New York, Merriam. Also apparently in Lower Canada. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. VUlgatum, Fries. Habit of the preceding, or more leafy : leaves from oblong to 

 broadly lanceolate, mostly acute at both ends, decurrent on the petiole : heads few, rather 

 smaller than in the foregoing. — Novit. ii. 258, Symb. Hier. 11.5, & Epicr. 98; Reichcnb. Tc. 

 Fl. Germ. xix. t. 1526, 1527. H. si/lvaticum, Smith (that of L. is rather H. mitrorum) ; Fl. 

 Dan. r. 1113; Schlecht. in Linn. x. 87. //. mo//p, Pursh, Fl. ii. 503, not Jacq. — Labrador, 

 Kohlmeister, &c. Canada, on shores of the Lower St. Lawrence {Macoun), there perhaps 

 introduced. (Greeidand, Eu., N. Asia.) 

 H. ALpfNUM, L., which has only a single large and dark-haired head, is in Greenland only, 



beyond our range. 



