36 ERICACEAE. Cassiopc. 



C. hypnoides, Don. Cespitose, 2 to 4 inches liigh, with the habit of a moss or small 

 Liicopoillum : leaves somewhat erect, loosely imbricated, linear-acerose, a line long: pe- 

 duncle slender: corolla deeply 5-cleft. — Edinb. Phil. Jour. xvii. 157. Andromeda hijpnoides, 

 L. Spec. 393, & Fl. Lapp. t. 1 ; Fl. Dan. t. 10; Pall. 1. c. t. 73; Hook. Bot. Mag. t." 29.36.— 

 Alpine summits of the mountains of N. New England and New York, Labrador, &c. (Green- 

 land, Lapland, Arct. Siberia.) 



* * Leaves appressed-erect, closely imbricated in four ranks, thick, boat-shaped or triangular, ovate 

 or oblong in outline: peduncles lateral: corolla 5-lobed: style slender, but ."^lighll^^ thickened 

 downward. 



C. lycopodioides, Don. Very low or creeping stems filiform : leaves barely a line long, 

 roundish on the back, not ciliate : peduncles iiliform. — Ledeb. Fl. Ross. ii. 912. Andro- 

 meda lijcopodioidcs, Pall. 1. c. t. 72; Hook. 1. c. — Aleutian Islands to Oregon, Casick. 



C. Mertensiana, Don. Stouter, with rigid ascending stems and fastigiate branches, a 

 foot or less in height, resembling the next : leaves 1^ or 2 lines long, glabrous, carinate 

 and not furrowed on the back : pedicels rather short. — DC. 1. c. ; Gray, Bot. Calif, ii. 45G. 

 Andromeda Mertensiana, Bong. Sitk. 152, t. 5. A. cupressina, Hook. Fl. ii. 38. — Sitka, &c., 

 northern Rocky Mountains, and along the Cascade Mountains to the Sierra Nevada, Cali- 

 fornia, as far south as Mount Dana. 



C. tetragona, Don. Stems ascending, a span or two high, with fastigiate branches: 

 leaves Ii to 2 lines long, thick, and with a deep furrow on the back, often pubescent when 

 young: parts of the flower sometimes in fours. — Andromeda telraijona, L. ; Fl. Dan. 1. 1030; 

 Pall. 1. c. t. 73, f. 4; Hook. I.e. & Bot. Mag. t. 3181. — Northern Rocky Mountains, and 

 Cascade Mountains in Oregon, to the arctic regions. (Greenland round to Kamtschatka.) 



13. CALLtJNA, Salisb. Heather, Ling. (From xallvvco, to brush or 

 sweep, brooms being made of it ) — Grayish-evergreen undershrub, with no scaly 

 buds, minute opposite leaves imbricated in four ranks on the branches, and very 

 numerous small flowers in tlie upper axils, subtended by two or three pairs of 

 bractlets, tlie inner scarious. — Single species. 



C. vulgaris, Salisb. A foot or less high, in broad tufts, more or less whitish-tomentose 

 or glabrate: branches 4-sided by the imbricated leaves : these minute, 3-sided, grooved on 

 the back : flowers appearing in summer, crowded on the branchlets, as if spicate or 

 racemose, commonly secund, rose-colored or sometimes white. — Linn. Trans, vi. 317; 

 Reichenb. Ic. Germ. xvii. t. 1102 ; Gray, Man. ed. 5, 297. C. Atlantica, Seem. Jour. Bot. iv. 

 305, t. 53. Erica vuhjaris, L. ; Lam. 111. t. 287 ; Engl. Bot. t. 1013. — Low grounds, Massa- 

 chusetts, at Tewksbury (T. Dawson) and W. Andover [James Miteheil); Cape Elizabeth, 

 Maine (Pickard) ; and less rare in Nova Scotia, Cape Breton, Newfoundland, &c. (Iceland, 

 the Azores, N. Eu. to W. Asia.) 

 Erica cinerka and E. Tetralix, European Heaths, have been found wild on Nautucket, 



Mass., in one or two small jjatches : singular waifs. 



14. BRYANTHUS, Steller, Gmelin. {Eqvov, moss, and /ir^oc, flower, 

 because growing among mosses.) — Ileath-like fruticulose evergreens (all arctic- 

 alpine) ; with alternate much crowded linear-obtuse leaves (lialf an inch or less 

 in length), articulated with the stem, grooved beneath or margins revolute-thick- 

 ened. Flowers umbellate or racemose-crowded at the summit of the branches : 

 the pedicels glandular and bibracteolate at base. Sepals 4 or 5, sometimes G, 

 imbricated, persistent. Anthei's oblong, opening at top by oblique chinks. Seeds 

 oval or oblong; the coat close and rather firm. Flowers in summer, from piu'ple 

 to ochroleucous. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 377, & Bot. Calif, i. 456. Bnj- 

 anthus & PhyUodoce, Maxim, Ilhod. As. Or. 4, 5 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 595. 



B. Gmelini, Don, the typical species, and the only one not yet found in America, may be 

 expected on the American, as it belongs to the opposite, side of Behring Straits. It has the 

 cluster of few flowers raised on a naked peduncle, and an open 4-parted corolla. 



