74 OLEACE^. Fraxinus. 



Var. brachyptera, a form with short obovate fruit, only half to three-fourths inch 

 long, and the terminal part of the wing only half the length of the body. — Borax Lake, 

 California, Torrtij. 



Var. trifoliolata, Torr. Leaves (only the uppermost known) 1-3-foliolate : leaflets 

 small, an inch or less long, coriaceous, obsoletely serrate: fruit rather small. — Bot. Mcx. 

 "Bound. 1G7. — Mountains south of the boundary between Upper and Lower California, 

 Parr)i. 



* * Petals (always?) 4: style none or hardly any: North Mexican and Texan species, with small 

 and minutely punctate leaflets, and small panicles chiefly terminating short 1-2-lcaYed lateral 

 branchlets: flowers of the second species unknown. 



P. CUSpidata, Torr. Slirub 5 to 8 feet liigh, with slender branches, glabrous : leaflets 

 5 to 7, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate and gradually acuminate into a cuspidate tip, or 

 some of them ovate or oval and obtuse or even emarginate, acutely and sparsely few- 

 toothed or entire, petiolulate (half to a full inch or more in length) : petiole slightly mar- 

 gined between the leaflets : calyx deeply 4-clef t or 4-toothed : corolla 4-parted, half inch 

 long ; the lobes long-linear, several times exceeding the oblong anthers : stigma sessile : 

 fruit spatulate-oblong or obovate-oblong (lialf inch long), its wing rather shorter than the 

 flattened nerveless body. — Bot. Mex. Bound. 166. — South-western Texas, on the Rio 

 Grande from tlie great caiiou upwards, Parnj, Wri'jht, &c., in fruit. New Mexico, Palmer, 

 in flower. 



F. Greggii, Gray. Shrub 5 to 9 feet high, glabrous, with slender mostly terete branches : 

 leaflets o to 7, from narrowly spatulate to oblong-obovate, obtuse, obtusely few-toothed or 

 entire, plane, firm-coriaceous, veinless or nearly so (a half to nearly an inch long), sessile : 

 petiole wing-margined between the leaflets : fruit 6 to 8 lines long, oblong-linear, the retuse 

 apex tipped with a very short distinct style. — Proc. Am. Acad. xii. 64. F. Schledeana, 

 var. parvifolia, Torr. I.e. — On limestone, S. W. Texas, Schott, &c. Adjacent parts of 

 Mexico, Gregg, Bigelow, Parrg. 



§ 2. FraxinXster, DC. Flowers apetalous, in mostly denser panicles (espe- 

 cially the staminate), which are developed from separate buds from upper axils of 

 the preceding year, or on the leafless base of shoots of the season. 



* Flowers polygamous : leaves mostly simple ! 

 F. anomala, Torr. Shrub or low tree, nu)re or less soft-pubescent when young : leaves 

 thin-coriaceous, ovate, rotund, or cordate, rarely obcordate, entire or partly serrate, many- 

 veined (an inch or two long), sometimes 2-3-foliolate with similar sessile leaflets : panicles 

 short: calyx campanulate, erose-toothed, longer than the ovary: anthers linear-oblong: 

 fruit oblong (7 to 10 lines long), winged from the base, the flattened striate-nerved body as 

 long as the terminal part of the wing. — Watson, Bot. King, 283. — S. Utah, Newberry, 

 Palmer, Bishop, &c. 

 * * Flowers dia?cious ; the pistillate rarely with abortive stamens ; the staminate reduced to 2 or 4 



stamens with a minute or obsolete calyx or none : leaves 3-11- (mostly 5-9-) foliolate. 

 -1— Leaflets petiolulate : anthers lincar-oblong, mucronate or apiculate : small calyx to fertile 

 flowers present and persistent, sometimes deciduous in F. quadrangul'dn. 



++ Fruit winged only from the summit or upper part of the terete or nearly terete body, 

 = Which is margiuless ; the wing wholly terminal. 

 F. pistacieefolia, Torr. Small tree, either velvety-pubescent or nearly glabrous : leaf- 

 lets 5 to !>, short-petiolulate, sometimes subsessile, small (one or two inches long), from 

 lanceolate to oval, entire or somewhat serrate: fruits small and crowded, spatulate (either 

 broadly or narrowly), the terete body (3 to 5 lines long) somewhat clavate, about equal- 

 ling and sometimes exceeding the wing. — Pacif. E. Rep. iv. 128, & Bot. Mcx. Bound. 166. 

 — S. W. Texas to Arizona. (Adjacent Mex.) 



Var. coriacea. A rigid form of arid districts : leaflets 3 to 5, firm-coriaceous, usually 

 more serrate. — F.veliitina, Torr. in Emory, Rep. 1848, 149, a vclvety-tomentosc form. 

 F. coriacea, Watson in Am. Nat. vii. 302, excl. pi. coll. Bigelow. — Arizona, Emorg, Wheeler. 

 P. Americana, L. (White Ash.) Large timber-tree : branchlets and petioles glabrous : 

 leaflets 7 to 9, from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, mostly acuminate, entire or sparsely serrate 

 or denticulate (3 to 5 inches long), pale or whitish and often pubescent beneath : fruit 

 usually about an inch and a half long ; the body oblong and cylindraceous, completely 



