Echinospermum. BORRAGINACEiE. 189 



* Racemes ])anieled, leafy-bracteate only at base, minutely hractcato or bractless above: slender 

 pedicels recurved or detlexed in trait: calyx-lobes lanee()late or oblong-, siiorter than the fruit, 

 and at length rellexed under it: sear of the nutlets ovate or trianuular, medial or iutra-medial : 

 gynobase short-pyramidal: biennials or annuals, some perhaps perennials, pubescent or hirsute, 

 not liispid. 



H— Corolla short-iunnelform (blue) ; the tube surpassing the calyx, about the length of the lobes. 

 E. difFusuni, Lehm. A foot or so higii : loaves oblong-lanceohite ; or the lowest spatu- 

 late, narrowed at base into long wing-margined petioles ; the iipper sessile, from oblong- 

 lanceolate to ovate or cordate, passing into small bracts : racemes commonly loose and 

 spreading : fruiting pedicels 3 to 5 lines long : limb of the bright blue corolla from lialf 

 inch in diameter to much smaller : style slender : fruit a globose bur ; the nutlets -5 lines 

 long, densely muriculate-scabrous, rather sparsely armed throughout with long and flat- 

 tened prickles ; the scar large and broadly ovate : gynobase broadly pyramidal. — Pug. 

 ii. 23, & in Hook. Fl. ii. 83. E. nervosum, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. ii. 14(3, fig. 42. E. 

 di'Jlc-xHin, vnv.florihnndam, Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 541, in part. — (.)pen woods, &c., Oregon, and 

 California, along the Sierra Nevada, where it is common. 



H \— Corolla rotate (from blue to nearly white); its tube shorter than the calyx and the lobes. 



JEj. floributldum, Lehm., 1. c. Eather strict, 2 feet or more high, or sometimes smaller : 

 leaves from oblong- to linear-lanceolate; the lowest tapering into margined petioles: 

 racemes numerous, connnonly geminate and in fruit rather strict : nutlets with elongated 

 triangular back naked (2 lines long), merely scabrous ; and the margin armed with a close 

 row of flat subulate prickles, their bases often confluent; scar smaller and narrowly ovate. 

 — Hook. Fl. ii. 84, t. 104. E. deflexiun, y a.r. Jloribundinn, Watson, Bot. King, 24G ; Gray, 

 1. c, mainly. E. subdcctniibens, Parry in Proc. Davenport Acad. i. 148, a small form, said to 

 be perennial. — Lake Winnipeg to British Columbia, and south to New Mexico and Cali- 

 fornia. Limb of corolla varying from 2 to 5 lines in diameter. 



E. deflexum, Lehm. Diffusely branched, a foot or so high : leaves from oblong to 

 lanceolate : racemes lax, loosely paniculate : flowers soon sparse, smaller than in the pre- 

 ceding : nutlets smaller, and the mostly naked back (a line long) broader. — Asper. 120, & 

 in Hook. I.e. Mijosotis dcjiaxa, Wahl. Act. Holm. 1810, 113, t. 4; Fl. Dan. 1. 1568. — Sas- 

 katchewan, and Winnipeg Valley, Drummond, Boim/eau. Brit. Columbia, Lijdll. Habit 

 intermediate between the preceding and following ; the American specimens having occa- 

 sionally some few prickles developed from the rough-gramilate dorsal face of the nutlets. 

 Fruit as well as flowers about half the size of that of E.Jioribundum. (Siberia to Eu.) 



E. Virginicum, Lehm., 1. c. Stem 2 to 4 feet high, erect, with long and widely spread- 

 ing branches : radical leaves round-ovate or cordate, slender-petioled ; caidinc (3 to 8 inches 

 long) ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends; uppermost passing into 

 lanceolate bracts : loosely panicidate racemes divaricate, filiform : pedicel and flower each 

 about a line long : corolla slightly surpassing the calyx, pale blue or white : fruit globular, 

 2 lines in diameter, armed all over with short prickles. — Mijo^otis Vlnjiniana, L. Spec. 189. 

 M. Vir;/inirn, L. Spec. ed. 2, 189 (Moris. Hist. iii. 449, sect! 11, t. 30, fig. 9). Cijnoglossum 

 Morisoni, DC. Prodr. x. 155. — Borders of woods and thickets, Canada to Alabama and 

 Louisiana. 



* * Spikes leafv-braeteate: pedicels erect or merely spreading, stout, shorter than the calyx : 

 lobes of the latter little shorter than the small corolla, becoming f(diaceous and often unequal, 

 mostly exceeding the fruit: scar of the nutlets long and narrow, oeeuyiying most of the ventral 

 angle, corres])ondmg with the subulate gynobase: annuals, with rough' or hispid pubescence: 

 leaves linear, lanceolate, or the lower somewhat spatulate. 



E. Lappui.a, Lehm., I.e. Erect, a foot or two high, branched above; nutlets rough-granu- 

 late or tuberculatc on tlie back, the margins with a double row of slender and distinct 

 prickles, or these irregular over most of the back. — Fl. Dan. t. 692. — Waste and culti- 

 vated grounds, from the Middle Atlantic States to Canada. (Nat. from Eu.) 



B. Redowskii, Lehm., I.e. Erect, a span to 2 feet high, paniculately branched: nut- 

 lets irregularly and minutely muricately tuberculate; the margins arnuMl with a single 

 row of stout flattened jjrickles, which are not rarely confluent at base. — Gray, Proc. Acad. 

 Philad. 1862, 105; Watson, Bot. King, 240, t. 23," fig. 9-12. Miiosotia Redowskii, Yiovnem. 

 lion. Hafn. i. 174. E. iN/nmedinm, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. & Ic. ii. t. 180. (N. Asia.) 



Var. OCCidentale, Watson, 1. c, the American plant, is less strict, at length 

 diffuse, and the tubercles or scabrosities of the nutlet are sharp instead of blunt or round- 



