200 BORRAGINACEiE. Mertensia. 



all pedicellate, the lowest occasionally leafy-bracteate. Fl. spring and summer, 

 — DC. Prodr. X. 87 ; Gray in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiv. 039, & Proc. Am. 

 Acad. X. 52 ; Benth. & Hook. 1. c. (Stamens, in all but one of our species, pro- 

 truding from the throat, but shorter than the limb of the corolla.) 



§ 1. StenhammXria. {Steenhammera, Reicheub., wrongly written.) Nutlets 

 very smooth and shining, acute, fleshy-herbaceous, in age becoming utricular ; the 

 scar small : corolla short, 5-lobed ; the crests in the throat evident. 



M. maritima, Don. Very smooth, pale and glaucous, much branched and spreading : 

 leaves fleshy, ovate, obovate, or spatulate-oblong, an inch or two in lengtli, upper surface 

 sometimes becoming pustulate: flowers small (3 or 4 lines long) on long and slender pedi- 

 cels : tube of the blue or whitish corolla hardly as long as the limb and shorter than the 

 ovate-triangular lobes of the calyx : filaments rather narrower and much longer than the 

 anthers. — Syst. iv. 320. Cerinthe maritima, Dill. Elth. t. 65. Pulmonaria vmritima, L. ; 

 Lightfoot, Fl. Scot. i. 134, t. 7 ; Fl. Dan. t. 65. P.parvijiora, Michx. Fl. i. 1.32. Lithospermum 

 maritimum, Lehm. Asper. 291. Steenhammera maritima, Reich. Fl. Excurs. i. 387. Ste7iha)n- 

 maria maritima, Fries, Summa, 12 & 192. Hippoc/lossum maritimum, Hartw. ex Lilja in Linnasa, 

 xvii. 111. — iSea-shore, Cape Cod to Hudson's Bay, and Puget Sound to Polar coasts. 

 (Greenland, N. Eu., & Asia.) 



§ 2. EuMEKTENSiA, Nutlets dull and with obtuse angles if any, wrinkled or 

 roughish when dry. (Corolla commonly villous inside near the base, and below 

 sometimes with a 10-toothed ring.) 



* Corolla trumpet-shaped, with spreading border nearly entire; the plicate crests in the throat 

 obsolete: filaments slender, much longer than the oblong-linear anthers: hypogynous disk pro- 

 duced into two opposite narrow lobes which become as high as the ovary. 



M. Virginica, DC. Very smooth and glabrous, pale, a foot or two high : leaves obovate 

 or oblong, veiny, or the lowest large and rounded and long-petioled : racemes at first short 

 and corymbose : flowers on nodding slender pedicels : corolla purple and blue, an inch 

 long, between trumpet-shaped and salverform, many times exceeding the short calyx. — 

 M. pulmonarioides, Roth, Cat. Pulmonaria Vinjinica, L. ; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 160. (Trew, 

 PI. Sel. t. 42.) — Alluvial banks, New York to Minnesota, S. Carolina in the mountains, 

 and Tennessee : fl. spring ; not uncommon in gardens. 



* * Corolla (blue, rarely white) witli conspicuously 5-lobed limb, which above the throat (i.e. 

 the whole expanded upper portion) is usually open-campanulate ; the small crests in the throat 

 obvious and commonly puberulent or pubescent. 



4— Filaments enlarged, as broad as the anthers and shorter or only a little longer, always inserted 

 in the throat of the corolla nearly in line with the crests: style long and capillarv' generally 

 somewhat exserled. (There are traces of some dimorpliism as to reciprocal length "of filaments 

 .and style, at least in one species.) 



++ Tube of the corolla twice or thrice the length of the limb and of the calyx. 

 M. oblongifolia, Don, 1. c. A span or so high, smooth or almost so : leaves mostly 

 oblong or spatulate-lanceolate, rather succulent, and veins very inconspicuous : flowers in 

 a somewhat close cluster : lobes of the 5-parted or deeply 5-cleft calyx lanceolate or linear, 

 mostly acute : tube of the corolla 4 or 5 lines long, narrow ; the moderately 5-lobed limb 

 barely 2 lines long. — Hook. Kew Jour. Bot. iii. 295 ; Watson, Bot. King, 238. Pulmonaria 

 ohlomjifolia, Nutt. in Jour. Aead. Philad. vii. 43. Litlwspernvnn marfjinatum, Lehm. in Hook. 

 Fl. ii. 86. — Mountains of Montana to the borders of British Columbia, and south to 

 Nevada, Utah and Arizona, at 6-9,000 feet. On moist slopes ; flowering early. 

 ++ ++ Tube of the corolla little or not twice longer than the throat and limb. 



— Stems mostly tall, 1 to 5 feet high: leaves ample and mainly broad, veiny; the upper with 

 very acute or acuminate apex; the lowest ovate or subcordate (usually 3 or 4 inches long and 

 long-petioled): calyx deeply 5-parted. 



M. Sibirica, Don, 1. c. Pale and glaucescent, glabrous and smooth or nearly so, very 

 leafy : cauline leaves oblong- or lanceolate-ovate, hirsute-ciliolate : short racemes panicled : 

 calyx-lobes oblong or oblong-linear, obtuse, commonly ciliolate, half or a quarter the 

 length of the tube of the bright light-blue corolla (this and the limb each about 3 lines 

 long). — Gray, 1. c. Pulmonaria Sibirica, L. Spec. i. 135, not Pall. P. denticulata, Rcem. & 



