276 SCROPHULARIACE^. Mlmulus. 



Var. brachypus, Gray, 1- c. Flowers very sliort-pedieelled, s.almon-color, large: 

 calyx viscid-pubescent or villous : herbage often pubescent : leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 mainly entire. — Dlplacus loiKjijiorus, Nutt. 1. c. — From Santa Barbara southward. 



§ 3. EuMiMULUS, Gray. Herbaceous : proper tube of tlie corolla mostly 

 incUuled in the jjlicately carinate-angled 5-toothed calyx (the teeth traversed by 

 the strong nerve) : style glabrous : stigma bilamellar, the lobes or lips ovate or 

 rotund and equal : phicentiB remaining united in the axis of the capsule (or partly 

 dividing, in M. rabdlus completely), from which the thin and usually membra- 

 naceous valves tardily separate. 



* Large-flowi'vcd and perennial western species: corolla 1^ to 2 inclies long, red or rose-color, 

 with cylindrical body longer than the limb: calyx oblong-prismatic; tlic short teeth nearly erpial : 

 anthers cither villous or almost glabrous in the same species: pedicels elongated : capsule oblong: 

 leaves several-nerved from the base: seeds with a dull and loose epidermis, longitudinally 

 wrinkled. 



M. cardinalis, Dougl. Villous and viscid, 2 to 4 feet high : leaves ovate, or the lower 

 obovate-lanceolate ; the upper connate ; all erose-dentate : corolla scarlet, with remarkably 

 oblique limb; ui)per lip erect and the lobes turned back; lower reflexed : stamens ex- 

 serted. — Lindl. Hort. Trans, ii. 70, t."3; Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 358; Hook. Bot. Mag. 

 t. 3560. — Along watercourses, through Oregon and California to Arizona. 



M. Lewisii, Pursh. More slender, greener, and with minute or finer pubescence : 

 leaves from oblong-ovate to lanceolate, denticulate : corolla rose-red or paler, with tube 

 anel throat proportionally longer; roundish lobes all spreading: stamens included. — Fl. 

 ii. 427, t. 20; Gray, 1. c. M. roscus, Dougl. in Bot. Keg. t. 1591; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3353; 

 Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 210. — Shady and moist or wet ground, Brit. Columbia to Califor- 

 nia along the whole length of the Sierra Nevada, east to Montana and Utah. 



* * Moderately' large flowered eastern species, perennial, glabrous : corolla violet, at most an inch 

 long, with narrow tube and throat mtn-e or less exceeding the nearly equal calyx, and personate 

 limb : fructiferous calyx oblong : leaves throughout pinnately veined : seeds not wrinkled. 

 (Corolla rarely varying to white, not very rarely with the lateral lobes of the lower lip exterior 

 in the bud!) 



M. rlngens, L. Stem square, 2 feet high : leaves oblong or lanceolate, closely sessile by 

 an auriculate partly clasping base, serrate : pedicels longer than the flower: calyx-teeth 

 subulate, slender: seed-coat rather loose, cellular. — Hort. Ups. 170, t. i. ; Lam. 111. t. 523 ; 

 Bot. Mag. t. 283. — Wet places, Canada to Iowa and south to Texas. 



M. alatus, Solander. Stem somewhat wing-angled : leaves ovate to ovatcdanceolate, 

 less acutely serrate, tapering at base into a margined petiole : pedicels shorter than the 

 calyx: teeth of the latter short and broad with abrupt mucronate tips: seed-coat close 

 and smooth. — Ait. Kew. ii. 301 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 410; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. iii. t. 94. — 

 Wet places, W. New England to Illinois, and south to Texas. 



* * * Small- or moderately large-flowered mainly western species : corolla from yellow or some- 

 times partly white to brown-red or crimson ; the throat broad and open : seeds with a thin and 

 smooth or shining (or in M. luUus duller and reticulate-striate) coat. 



-t— Leafy-stemmed, not villous, nor leaves pinnately veined, but with -5 to 7 primary veins from or 

 near the base, and hardly any, or only weak ones, from above the middle of the midrib. 



++ Calyx oliliqiie at the orifice ; the posterior tooth largest: leaves mostly broad, dentate, at least 

 the lower petioled: root librous. 



= Perennial by stolons or ci'eeping branches : upper leaves sessile by a broad or somewhat clasp- 

 ing base: lower lip of the corolla bearded at the throat. 



M. Jamesii, Torr. & Gray. Diffuse ard creeping, freely rooting, glabrate : leaves 

 roundish and often reniforni, from denticiUate to nearly entire (4 to 12 lines long), all but 

 the uppermost with margined petioles: flowers all axillarj' and slender-pedicelled: corolla 

 light yellow, 4 to G lines long : fructiferous calyx campantdate, about 3 lines long: seeds 

 oval, shining, almost smooth. — Benth. in DC. I.e. 371 (with var. Fremontii); Gray, 

 Man. ed. 2, 287. M. f/htbratns, Gray in Bot. Mex. Bound. 116, partly, hardly of HBK. — 

 In water or wet places, usually in springs, Illinois to Upper Michigan and Minnesota, west 

 to the Rocky Mountains in Montana, thence south to New Mexico and Arizona. (Adja- 

 cent Mex.) 



