Martijnia. PEDALIACE.^. 321 



t. 1G88; Eiull. Iconogr. t. 70; DC. rrodr. ix. 249. S. Tndinnn & S. orkntale, L., &c. — Spar- 

 ingly naturalized in the Gulf Atlantic States. Seeds yield a useful oil. (Adv. from Old 

 World.) 



2. MART'X'NIA, L. Unicorn-plant. {Prof. John Martijn, of Cam- 

 bridge.) — Diffuse and rank viscid-pubescent herbs (natives of America), of heavy 

 odor ; with ample rounded and subcordate petioled leaves, the lower usually oppo- 

 site and upper alternate, and large flowers in short and loose terminal racemes : 

 pedicels subtended by small bracts or none. Fl. summer. — Our species belong 

 to § Proboscidea, having 4 perfect stamens and beak longer than the body of 

 the fruit, and the calyx is more cleft anteriorly. 



M. proboscidea, Glox. Coarse and heavy-scented annual: leaves cordate, roundish, 

 t)ften oMique, entire or obscurely undulate-lobed (4 to 12 inches in diameter) : bractlets 

 oblong-linear: corolla \l or 2 inches long, dull white, spotted within with some yellowish 

 or purplish, also varying to light yellow : endocarp crested on the posterior suture only. — 

 Obs. 14, ex DC. Prodr. Ix. 253 ; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1050 ; Pursh, Fl. ii. 428. M. annua, L. 

 excl. syn. & hab. M. Lonisinna, Mill. Diet. & Ic. t. 286. Banks of the Mississippi and 

 lower tributaries to New Mexico. Also naturalized or cultivated about gardens farther 

 north. (Mex., &c.) 



M. f ragrans, Lindl. Less stout : leaves from roundish to oblong-cordate, somewhat 

 lobed and sinuate-dentate, 3 to 5 inches broad: corolla more campanulate, 1 or 2 inches 

 long and wide, sweet-scented, from reddisli- to violet-purple. — Bot. Reg. xxvi. misc., & xxvii. 

 t. 0; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4292. M. violacea, Engelm. PI. Wisl. 101 ; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 

 110, partly. — South-western borders of Texas and southern part of New Mexico, Wrirjht, 

 BigdoLO. (Northern Mex.) 



M. althesefolia, Benth. Low and small : leaves seemingly all alternate, long-petiolcd, 

 roundish-ovate and cordate, sinuatcly 3-7-lobed, 1 or 2 inches broad: bractlets lineai'- 

 oblong or oval : corolla inch and a half or less long, from buff- to chrome yellow, or whit- 

 ish, mottled or dotted with brown and orange : endocarp armed with teeth on both sutures. 

 — Bot. Sulph. 37. M. arenarla, Engelm. PI. Wisl. 101; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 110.— 

 S. W. Texas to S. Arizona, Wrif/lil, Digtlow, Palmer. (Lower California.) 



Order CI. ACANTHACE^. 



Chiefly herbs, with opposite simple leaves, no stipules, and didynamous or dian- 

 drous more or less bilabiate or irregular flowers with the general characters of 

 ScrophulariacecE, &c. ; but corolla not rarely convolute in the bud; the anatropous 

 ovules few and definite (from 2 to 8 or 10 in each of the two cells); fruit always 

 capsular, 2-celled, elastically loculicidal scattering the seeds; seeds without 

 albumen (except sparingly in the first tribe), either globose, or orbicular and com- 

 pressed and the hilum marginal, wingless, in most supported on the upper face 

 of curved proces.se.s from the placent;e (indurated and persistent funiculi ?) called 

 reliiiacala, the close coat not rarely developing mucilage and spiricles when 

 wetted, in the manner of Polemoniacece. Cotyledons plane, orbicular with cordate 

 base : radicle straight or accumbently incurved. Ilypogynous disk conspicuous. 

 Style filiform, undivided, with one or two small stigmas. Corolla from almost 

 regular and 5-lobed (and then convolute in the bud) to deei)ly bilabiate (or in 

 Acanlhits with only a lower lip). Calyx persistent, of 5 or sometimes 4 sepals, 

 commonly une({ual and more or less imbricated, sometimes united. Inflores- 

 cence various : flowers usually conspicuously bracteate and often 2-bracteolate. 

 Stems commonly quadrangular. Cystoliths abound in the foliage. — A laroo 



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