14 VIRGINIA CARTOGRAPHY. 



often-mentioned Captain and Governor John White. If he really 

 made and drew the map may be doubted. De Bry procured 

 probably the map from White and made him to be the author. 

 But it is possible that Captain John White compiled the map, or 

 directed it to be compiled, as well from his own observations as 

 also from the notes, reports, and draughts of his predecessors— 

 principally of Ralph Lane, who, as I said, after the loss of his 

 cards, may have made another sketch. 



" The picture which we find on the map resembles very much 

 the description which Ralph Lane gave of his discoveries. We 

 find on it Chesapeake Bay (' Shesepiooc Sinus '), and also the 

 river ' Moratuc ' (our Roanoke river). John White, who never 

 was in this bay and river, could only lay them on his map after 

 Lane. 



" Because in Hakluyt this map is not mentioned at all we 

 must abstain from a further criticism of it, and may only add 

 the observation, that this map remained for a long time a model 

 and type for all geographers who made maps of this part of 

 America (North Carolina), because it lasted more than sixty years 

 after the unsuccessful colonization of Roanoke, until the explo- 

 ration and settlement of those regions commenced anew. We 

 therefore see this picture of John White reproduced many times 

 in the atlases of Mercator and Hondius, and in the works of 

 Laet. Nay, even still the first cartographers of the province of 

 Carolina seemed to have used the picture of ' Ould Virginia.' " 



Henry Stevens, in his catalogue of books relating to America, 

 entitled " Bibliotheca Historica," Boston, 1870, page 233, has 

 the most extensive account of the identity of the artist and 

 governor, from which I cite the following: 



" But in reprinting Harlot's report, and illustrating it with 

 White's pictures, did not De Bry exaggerate and embellish? 

 The answer is, no, for the following reasons: In the year 1865 

 John White's original paintings in water colors, made for Sir 

 Walter Raleigh in 1585, fell by purchase into the hands of the 

 writer, and in March, 1866, fell into the right place in the Grenville 

 Library in the British Museum, at the moderate cost to the trus- 

 tees of £236 5s. od. They are now a prominent part of the world- 

 renowned * Grenville De Bry.' A glance at the drawings will 

 show that they are the works of an artist, and portraits, whether 



