THE VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 



45 



proportion as this idea is considered. As a rule the cranium is 

 also wide in its transverse diameter, and hence it is also relatively 

 short, as seen in the brachycephalic, Figs. 32, 33 and 34. Fig. 32, 

 which is the profile of an Italian cranium, resembles strongly 

 Fig. 33, which is a Russo-Kourgan ; Fig. 34 is the norma verticalis 

 of the latter and shows its relative width. 



Fig. 33.— Platyceph. Bogdanovii. 



Fig. 34.— Platyceph. Bogdanovii. 



This characteristic is so evident and so much a part of the 

 cranial form, to which a pathological signification has been erro- 

 neously attributed, that it alone is sufficient to constitute a distinct 

 variety. It is easy to distinguish a cranium by such a characteris- 

 tic without directly considering the norma facialis or norma occi- 

 pitalis, and hence it is a good characteristic for classification. 

 Among platycephalous forms there is one which is prominent on 

 account of the unusual lowness of the arch, besides being very 

 flat. It presents a small forehead and a general depression of the 

 cranium from the orbital apophysis to the superior plane. The 

 top of the cranium resembles a flat cake or a bun, whence the 

 name placiintoides which I have given to it, that is, the form of a 

 flat cake (Fig. 35). There are also platycephali with narrow fore- 

 heads, which I will consider later. 



