THE VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 59 



I have also found that certain cranial types have a special capa- 

 city which does not belong to another type. Thus the trapezoids 

 have a small capacity, between elatto- and microcephalic, and never 

 exceed that limit; that of the pyrgoids is greater; the stenocephali 

 have a small capacity; the coritocephali are megalocephalic, and 

 so on. 



I have adopted the words niegas, magmis, maximus for the 

 large and largest varieties, niedius for the medium, and parvus 

 and micros for the small and smallest varieties. In respect to the 

 capacity when measured, we may practically consider micros as 

 far as the average of 1150CC. ; parvus, as far as the average 

 1350 cc. ; megas, from 1500 up ; maximus, beyond 170OCC. Thus 

 the number of subvarieties becomes increased. 



in. 



Nomenclature. 



Nomenclature is necessary in the classification of animals, of 

 plants and minerals. Names aid to discern forms, to recognize 

 general characteristics by means of which series and groups are 

 formed, to distinguish series from each other. Without names 

 we should not know of what we speak. Thus in the classification 

 of human varieties and subvarieties it is necessary to adopt tech- 

 nical names in order to indicate them; although we may but 

 imperfectly express the entire conception of the form which we 

 wish to indicate. 



For this purpose I have selected words from the Greek and 

 secondarily from the Latin languages, because Greek words are 

 better adapted for proper names, and are easily constructed, while 

 words in use in a modern language would be difficult to foreigners, 

 and having a vulgar signification, would be equivocal; finally, 

 because many languages derive names of geometrical forms from 

 Greek and Latin, and hence such can easily be understood. 



It may appear that I have too much increased the number of 

 technical names in my earlier VL\^vao\r, Human Varieties of Melan- 

 esia. In a measure that is true, but most of the words for each 

 variety were in use previously. Brachy, mesa, dolicJiocephalo, 

 hypsi, chamecephalo, Icpto, chameprosopo, lepto, vieso, platyrinno. 



