TWENTY-FIFTH CONGKESS, 1837-1839. 159 



6. Study of the properties of the atmosphere. 



7. Mathematical sciences — 



(o) Arithmetic. 



(b) Theoretical and practical geometry. 



(c) Mechanics. 



8. Drawing of machines, animals, plants, and landscapes. 

 To illustrate the sciences there should be — 



1. An extensive farm, with a field for experiments, workshops, beet-sugar manu- 

 factory, mill, etc. 



2. A botanical garden. 



3. A collection of the best and most approved implements or models of them. 



4. A library. 



5. A collection of minerals, properly arranged according to their chemical charac- 

 ters and with relation to their different soils. 



6. An apparatus for mathematical and physical instruction. 



7. A collection of skeletons of domestic animals for the study of comparative anat- 

 omj' and the veterinary art. 



8. A collection of insects. 



9. A collection of seeds. 



10. A laboratory, with apparatus for chemical experiments. 



THE FARM. 



The farm serves for the practical accomplishment of the theory. It is of the 

 greatest importance to give a practical illustration of all the objects and manipula- 

 tions treated of in the course of the lectures and according to the different periods 

 and seasons. 



The husbandry of such an institution must therefore be extensive and complicated, 

 so as to show all branches of agriculture in their full extent. The operations which 

 are not possible to be shown on a large scale should be exhibited on the experimen- 

 tal field. It should contain — 



Six hundred and forty acres of land for cultivation, which should be divided in two 

 equal portions to show two different systems of rotations. First, a system which 

 has for its object to gain as many different products as possible and to procure the 

 manure by stall feeding, a system which is favorable where labor and capital are 

 plenty, land valuable, and a ready market for the vegetable and animal products. 



Rotation for the above-mentioned system, viz: 1, sugar beet, potatoes, turnips, etc., 

 with manure; 2, barley; 3, clover; 4, wheat; 5, Indian corn, with manure; 6, wheat; 



7, tares and oats; 8, rye. 



The second system, favorable when labor and capital are scarce, land plenty, and 

 the object a grazing farm. The rotation of crops for this system would be, viz: 1, 

 Indian corn, with manure; 2, barley; 3, clover; 4, wheat; 5, grass; 6, grass; 7, grass; 



8, oats. 



As rotation of crops depends upon the soil, climate, and many other circumstances, 

 two rotations are given here', for illustration, to enable us to estimate the probable 

 want of cattle, etc. 



One hundred acres of meadow, to show how natural meadows can be improved by 

 draining, irrigation, manuring, etc. 



Eighty acres pasturage, to show the difference between artificial and natural pas- 

 ture and the manner of improving it. 



A vineyard of 4 acres, for the culture of the indigenous and foreign vine; the man- 

 ner of making wine. 



A hop garden of 4 acres, to show the culture of the best kinds; the manner of tak- 

 ing the crop, drying, and bagging. 



For experimental fields, 40 acres, to show the culture of all ijlauts useful in agricul- 



