233 



BKITISH PULMONARIAS. 

 Br A. J. WiLMOTT, F.L.S. 



The genus 'Pidmonaria has not recently attracted much attention 

 in this country. The latest monograph of the genus, Kerner's 

 Moiiograpliia F ulmonariarum, appeared as long ago as 1878, yet it 

 does not apj^ear to have been studied by British botanists. Kerner 

 places the Hampshire plant under his first species " P. angustifolia 

 Linn. Fl. suec," which is his name for the plant often called 

 P. azurea Besser. I hope to show that it is certainly not that very 

 distinct species, but is the plant which Kerner calls P. longifolia. 



The history of the British plant is interesting. The first record is 

 by Parkinson (Parad. 248: 1629), who observes "The Cowslips of 

 Jerusalem grow naturally in the woods of Germany, in divers places, 

 and the first kind in England also, found out by John Groodier, a 

 great searcher and lover of plants, dwelling at Mapledurham in 

 Hampshire." Parkinson's " tirst kinde " is from the description 

 clearly P. officinalis. 



Groodyer's find is dealt with four years later by Johnson in his 

 edition of Gerard's Herhall. Johnson says (p. 809), " Mr. Goodyer 

 found the Pulmonaria foliis Echii, being the second, May 25, 

 anno 1620 flouring in a wood by Holbury house in the iM^ew Forest 

 in Hamp.shi]-e." The figure given of this Pulmonaria foliis Echii 

 is P. officinalis, Avhile that of P. maculosa is apparently P. saccharata^ 

 Keference to the original edition of Gerard shows that the figures of 

 these are incorrectly interchanged in the later work." Indeed, the 

 figure of P. maculosa is line for line identical with Lobel's figure 

 of P. foliis Echii {Knujdthoeck, 692 : 1581). 



Gerard's description of his P. foliis Echii is of the plant repre- 

 sented in his figure of P. maculosa. " The second kinde of Lung- 

 wort is like unto the former, but greater in each respect ; the leaves 

 bigger than the former, resembling wilde Buglosse, yet spotted with 

 white spots like the former ; the floures are like the other, but of an 

 exceeding shining red colour." This colour is not that of the British 

 plant, but agrees, I believe (I have not myself seen the plant alive), 

 with that of P. saccharata Mill., Kerner (Mon. Pulm. 17. t. 7) = 

 P. picta Rouy (Fl. Fr. x. 297: 1908). This plant was originally 

 spread from Belgian gardens, where Lobel saw it. There are speci-' 

 mens of it in Herb. Sloane, together with others which I hope to 

 deal with in a later article on P. saccharata Mill. : — 



1. — -Vol. 47. f. 49, a volume of '' plants known about the year 

 1660 " : the collector of these garden plants is not known. 



2.— Vol. 83. p. 15 as P.fol. Echii Lob. ic (Plukenet's 



European Plants). 



3.— Vol. 121. p. 6 as P.fol. Echii Ger. em. (Buddie, Herb. Plant. 

 Britann.). 



There is no locality nor date to the specimen of P. saccharata, 

 but it must have been in the country in his time, and was evidently 

 the plant understood by contemporary botanists as P. foliis Echii. 

 The British plant is thus identitied in all the editions of Kay's 



JOUE^'AL OF BOTAXY. VoL. ^)0. [SePTEMBEE, 1917. J S 



