BETTISH PULMOXARTAS 235 



is certainly not P. azurea, but appears to be P. tnherosa in Kerner's 

 sense, although neither Denmark nor Xorway is cited bj him in the 

 distribution of that species. Is it possible that garden specimens may 

 have been figured, although the text states " mixed with the preceding 

 [P. officinalis . . . common in woods] but rather rarer " ? 



Syme (Eng. Bot. vii. 91 : 1867) goes a stage further. He names 

 the whole " P. amjustifolia Linn. Wahl." — i. e. meaning the same 

 as Kerner indicated by " Litin. fl, suae," — and cites P. azurea Besser, 

 Koch, Keichb.. and DC. as synon3'mous. But he confuses the matter 

 by quoting Billot exsicc. 1277. This number is called P. tuberosa 

 (from La Manche) part being correctly named, the remainder (from 

 Vendee) being the British species. It is P. longifolia and is cited 

 as such bv Kerner : Billot 1277 ter. and quater. are both P. tuberosa. 

 Townsend (FL Hampshire, ed. 1. 264 : 1883 ; and ed. 2. 317 : 1904) 

 makes no attem])t to identify the plant critically : he cites both 

 P. azurea Besser and P. tuberosa Schrank as synonyms of his 

 P. angustifolia. F. N. Williams (Prodr. Fl. Brit. 1. 2^^1 : 1909), 

 however, names it unambiguously P. azurea^ although he was 

 acquainted with Kerner's monograph. 



Since Kerner's monograph is uncommon, his diagnoses of the 

 species are translated here (italics luine) : 



1 [p. 3]. P. AXGUSTIFOLIA Linn. Fl. Suec. — Leaves unspotted, 

 radical ones linear lanceolate or oblong lanceolate, about 8 times 

 longer than broad, when mature exceeding the collateral fruiting stem, 

 upper surface strigose with equilong setae [N.B. occasional glands occur], 

 cauline ones erect 8-9 times longer than broad, uppermost slightly 

 decurrent into the stem on both sides ; upper part of stem and branches 

 of inflorescence with numerous subequal setae, with a very few sharply 

 stipitate glands intermixed. Inflorescence augmented and lax at the 

 end of flowering. Calyx segments porreet and accumbent at the apex, 

 exceeding the throat of the corolla. Fruiting calyx campanulate- 

 cylindrical, not ventricose inflated. Limb of unfolded corolla cam- 

 panulate, azure. Tube glabrous below the ring of hairs in the throat. 



2 [p. 9]. P. TUBEROSA Schrank. — Leaves unspotted, radical ones 

 oblong lanceolate [N.B. elliptical is my term for them], 4-5 times 

 longer than broad, when mature exceeding the collateral fniiting 

 stem, upper surface strigose with unequal setae, with some stijDitate 

 glands intermixed, cauline ones patulous, 2-3 times longer than 

 broad ; upper part of stem and branches of inflorescence with nume- 

 rous unequal setae and long stipitate glands which equal or slightly 

 exceed the setae. Inflorescence augmented and lax at the end of 

 flowering. Calyx segments porreet and accumbent at the apex, 

 exceeding the throat of the corolla. Fruiting calyx long peduncled, 

 much ampliate at the base and consequently ventricose campanulate. 

 Limb o/' unfolded corolla campanulate, dull violet, tube pilose below 

 the ring of hairs in the throat. 



3 [p. 13]. P. LONGIFOLIA Bast. — Leaves spotted ["very rarely 

 without spots " see p. 14], radical ones long lanceolate, 6-9 times 

 longer than broad, when mature about equalling the collateral fruiting 

 stem, upper surface strigose with equilong seta? and some very shortly 

 stipitate glands iiitermixed; cauline ones patulous, o-7 times longer 



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