296 KAlIAKICm KISmSOUYE : 



I Ijegfin the investigation of the scombroid fishes in 1911, tind since then 

 I have devoted my time chiefly to this study. As the result of the investi- 

 gation, tunnies and banitos -were found to be the most specialized forms of the 

 Ijouy £shcs ■nith many distinctive cbai'acters, hitheiio unknown to science. The 

 results have from time to time been reported in Japanese in the "Suisau 

 Gakkwai Ho " (Proceedings of the Scientific Fishery Association). 



The materials for the present study were chiefly collected at our laboratory 

 from the fish-mai'kets of Tokyo, and a part from Viuious localities by the. author 

 liimself, and through the courtesies of institutions and private pereons. The 

 author wishes to acknowledge with thanks the kind assistance of Messrs. Seizö 

 Adachi, Yeiji Akiyama, Takeo Aoki, Hikotaeö Asano, Koichi Kamei, NraEi 

 Matsuno, the late Kötabö Mayeda, Tözö Nakajima, Seishi Okada, Naotabö 

 Ota, Yasuji Ohta, Katsuya Tago, Kiyotomo Tashiro, Seijikö Tomixaga, 

 YöJiEÖ Wakiya, Kjchit.\eö Yamada &c., Ijesides many' friends in our College, 

 Imperial Fisheiies Bm'eau, and Suisau Koshyujo ; Prof. W. C. M'Intosh, 

 St. Andi-ews University, Scotland; the late Di'. ElCHABD Rathbun, U. S. 

 National Museum ; Prof. D. S. Jordan, Stanford Univei-sity, Cal. ; Messi's Kösaku 

 IiDA, KiHEi Nasu, the late Noriyoshi Töyajia,' &c. at Los Angeles ; and Mi-. 

 E. GoBEE, Fishery Station, Batavia. Finally I wish to express my appreciation 

 of the painstaking work of the ai'tist, Mi'. Shigezö Kikkawa, who has endeav- 

 oured to rej)resent very acciu'ately the viuious species, and even the number and 

 exact aiTangement of scales in each species, and ti'oublesome representations^ of 

 anatomical stmctm'es in detail. 



Comparative Anatomy- 

 EXTERNAL CHAKACTEPiS. 



External Form of the Body. 



In gouoral the foiou of the Ixxiy is nicely- fusifoiin, so as to give the least 

 resistance in locomotion, but in the case of Cyhium chinense the anterior paxt 

 of the dorsal outline is concave (fig. 34). The venti-al outHue of the Ixniy is 

 a little more ciuTed than the dorsal, to bjiliUice ;the heavy muscular part with 



1. Oue of the i)ioneirs who established the tuun fish trade in South Cnliforniii. 



