C(1Mr.VK.VTI\'E fO'UDY OF SCOMBROID I-LSHES. 



333 



KfttsuwouidsB the exterior wiiipj is luvirly voiiicsil to the interior wing, and 

 there is a groove nlong the external margin of the exterior wing. 



Between the poiutecl process and the posterior laraellox part of the dorsal 

 end of the clavicle there is a narrow sht, through \\liich the trausvers« 

 clavicular ligfimcait, binding the axial skclotDii with the snpracLivit-le paast^. 

 'I he pistorior margin of the p)iuted proi'e35 is romidecl and smooth. To tho 

 I'lavicular ligament, a small ligament joins running along the anterior margin 

 of the broad dorsal end of the clavicle. 



Tlie hypercoracoid is a small flat bone articulated to the clavicle at the 

 upper, interior side, and has a round foramen near the c*;utrc of the bone. 

 The hypocoracoid is united to the hypercoracoid above and also to the clavicle 

 at the dorsal anterior comer. In the Scombridae this bona has an externiil 

 longitudinal keel, and the lower stylifjrm process is long and nan'ow. In tho 



Cybiidae the lx)ne is broad and has a 

 median longitudiujil gi'oove, or rather 

 the bone is bent externally along the 

 longitudinal axis. The lower process is 

 rather broad. In Oßnum and Sarda 

 the central foramen is very small, but 

 it is large in Acantlioajhiwn and Gym- 

 nosarda. In the Plecostei the lower 

 process is broad, uniformly thin, 

 and folded more deeply than in 

 the Cybiidae. Four actinosts basalia 

 or brachial ossicles are fjund upm 

 the hypercoracoid and liypocoracoid 

 to support the pectijral fin. They 

 become larger as they approach 

 posteriorly. In the Scombridiie there 

 is no foramen between the last ossicle 

 and the dorsal posterior process of 

 the hypercoracoid ; but in all the other scombroid fishes we find a foramen 

 there. 



Tlie postclavicle is composed of two pieces of bones, and protects the 



Fig. H. F.xtemnl view of the left lower 

 piece of the postclavicle. 



], Scomher japonictis ; 2, Cghium nip'ionUiin 

 3, Thxnmis orienlalis ; 4, Kattiuwoims pelamii. 



