386 



KAM.UvICHI KISHINOUYE : 



the outer margin of tbe first dorsal gradually descends and its spines are 20 

 or 21 in number instead of 19 in tlie later sfciges, due to the depression of 

 posterior spines. In October the immature fish grows to a length of ca 27 cm, 

 and attains all tbe specific chaxacters of tbe adult. As tbe fi.sb gi-ows tbe spines 

 in tbe fin become longer, especially at tbe posterior part. One year old fisb 

 is ca 50 cm long and immature, while a two year old fisb is about one metre 

 and is matui-e. 



Cyhium Tcoreanum spawns in June and its immature fisb is alx)ut 24 cm. 

 in Septemter. It bas a larger bead, second dorsal and aual lower than tbe 

 adult, and a few, scarcely visible markings in a row, jast below tbe lateral 

 line in tbe precaudal r^ion. 



An immature fisb of Cyhiwn commersim, 13 cm. long, was caught on 

 July 27, 1916 near Kcelimg, Taiwan. It has a larger bead, remarkably 

 broader body, sboiier snout, and larger eyes than tbe adult. The first doi-sal 

 is higher and its hind portion remains colourless. About ten oblong mai-kings 

 are found at tbe back. They scarcely pass down tbe lateral line. A httle 

 larger specimen in the Museum at Tailioku measures 22 cm in length, and htis 

 larger eyes. The coloiur markings are elongated do^Tiwards, but they ai-e not 

 continuous, more or less bead-bkc, and now nuir kings are iidded between the old. 



An immature fish of Sarda orientalis, 17 cm in tbe total length, was 

 caught at the end of April, 1922, in a large dip net, called "böke-ami," in tbe 

 Hai'bour of Kusliimoto, Wakayama-keu. Tbe net was used at night imder 

 an artificial light to catch fries of the mackerel. The immature fish of Sarda 

 has about twelve transverse bands. In each of these bands Me find about six 



Fig. U. barda orientalis (imnmture). 2;'3. 



longitudinal bauds, which ascend more or less backwai'd. Pectorals, second 

 dorsal, and sxmil are very small. In Septemlxjr, 1900, a little laxger immature 

 fish, 23 cm in length, was caught in a gromid seine on the east coast of 



