390 , KAIIAKICHI KLSHINOTYE : 



DISTRIBUTION. 



Scombroid i5shes are generally •widely tlistributed, and many of them 

 are really cosmopolitan ; but some of them are confined to limited distiicts. 

 For instance Cyhium Tcoreanum and Neotlmmms rams liave restricted distiibu- 

 tion. Generally speaking the mackerels and seerfishes which have a wider 

 range in vertical distiibntion have a narrower range in horizontal distribution. 



Scomber japonicns is very widely distributed. It is said to occur in the 

 Pacific as well as in the Atlantic. In the Pacific it is found on the .Vsiatic as 

 weU as on the American coasts. However, the fish is not found round the oceanic 

 islands, such as the Kyukyu Islands, Ogasawara Islands, and South Sea Mandates. 

 Adult mackerels migi-ate in summer to shallow waters, ca 20 m deep in a bay, 

 but retire in autumn to deeper waters of 40-100 m, and in winter to off-shore 

 banks, ca 200 m in depth. Generally mackerels are not found in deeper strata 

 of water than ca 100 m. In waters within the 100 m line of depth, mackerels 

 are found 1-4 m above the bottom. They come near the sm-face in the even- 

 ing, and may be atti-acted to shallow sti'ata within 40 m below the sm-face. 



BastrclUgcr is confined to the Eyukyu Islands in oiu' country, but it is 

 widely distributed iu the tropical seas. 



In the Cybiidae, Grammatorcyniis is found only in Kyukyu Islands in our 

 country, but is widely distributed in the tropical region of the Indo-Pacific. 

 Cijhium niplionmm is found in the littoral waters of Japan, Korea, and Chirni. 

 Cyhium Tcoreanum is restricted to the west coast of Korea. It is remarkable 

 that this species ascends the brackish part of rivers. Cyhium commerson is 

 regularly caught, tliough in small numbers, near Senzaki, Yamaguchi-keu, in 

 autumn and winter. This species is caught in abundance in Formosa in spring. 

 Cyhium guUatmn is found in our waters only in Formosa. Cyhium chineme 

 is found in Japan and China, fi'equently near the Korean Channel ; but they 

 are rather rare in other regions. Acanthyocyhinm solandri is a pelagic species, 

 nomadic in habit, and inhabiting warm seas. It is found at the mouth of Tokyo 

 Bay, in the east, and in the south western paii of the Japan Sea. Sarda 

 orienialis is abimdant in Kyushyu, but it may be found in Aomori-ken in the 

 north, both off the Pacific and tlie Japan Sea coasts. None have been found in 

 Fonnosan waters. I do not know whether the Indian species of Sarda is identical 



