COMr.VRATIVE STUDY OF SCOIIBKOID FISITES. 399 



shot lit the sraface of the sea ; but tlioi5o for the mfujkerel Jiud sem-fishes a.re 

 siisix)ucle(l iu im)ro or loss lower stivvta of watei", by means of buoy-liues 

 of soiue length. These nets are worked at night. Sametuues gill-uetB are shot 

 with both ends beut towards the school of fish and they are driven towards 

 the net. '\Mien the tunny strikes the net, it yields to the movement of the 

 fish, and forming a pocket passes over the float hne and is hung back. Thus 

 when the height of the tunny drift net is too high, the capture is not 

 satisffictory. The tunny drift net is chiefly used on the Pacific co.ast of the 

 northeastern pirt of Hondo. 



Seines. 

 Seines for scombroid fishes are also chiefly used in the warm season. 

 The size of the meshes is proportional to thivt of the fish to be caught ; but 

 it is very small in the seine for our common seeiiish, or its bunt is made of 

 coai-so cloth, woven with strong thi-ead. This is to prevent the penetration of 

 the jaws of the fish intj the netting, lest the seine should be damsiged by their 

 trenclmnt teeth. Seines for scombroid fishes are mostly 70-85 m deep, and 

 500-1000 or more long. Iu some of these seines the wings are made of straw 

 nettings. Seines for the common seerfish are used in the Inland Sea only, and are 

 liauled towards the land, while those for the other scombroid fislies are hauled 

 into boats. Tunnies captured with seines are Thv.nnns orieutcdis and Neolhumms 

 maci'opferns. The striped bonito is sometimes captured with seines. Before the 

 development of sjines for tunnies and bonitos schools of fishes were siuTounded with 

 a long wall of net, and then the fish were scoo^jed out with a kind of large dip-net. 



Pound-nets. 

 S^xscial pound-nets are built for the capture of Thwinus orienhills and 

 Neothunnus macropttrus in warm seasons, when these fishes migi'ate northward. 

 In some places pound-nets for the capture of tunnies iu their southern migra- 

 tion are erected ; but these are very few in numljei", and are not so important 

 !is the other. The p)und-nets far TJiunnvs orientalis in their uoiiheni migi'a- 

 tion are ver}- important, and very almudant. Other scombroid fishes nve alsD 

 oaiTght in large numbers in pDimd-nets ; but their time of apixsariUico is rather 

 s hort, or occasional, and the expenses of pound-not fishery can not lie sustained 

 by these fishes only. 



