406 KAJIAKICHI KISHIXOVYE: 



In olden times fishermen attracted fish with torch-light, but at present 

 electric lamps, acetylene light, etc. are nsed^' The light attracts many plauctonie 

 animals near the surface of the sea, and th6y in turn attract the mackerel, and 

 other animals such as saiirel, calamaries, etp., gradually towards the surface of 

 the sea. Tluis the time used in catching the mackerel is greatly economised. 

 Besides light, tole bait is much used to attract the fish. Salted mantis-shrimp 

 is chiefly used for the purpose. Long lines smd drift nets are extensively used in 

 the Japan Sea. Encircling seines, such as the purse seine and " shibari-ami " 

 are chiefly used in the southern part of Chosen. 



The mackerel fishery is cai'ried on on a rather small scale, with hand lines, 

 long lines, or drift nets. The hand-line is most estensively used. The gear 

 consists of a line of about 100 m, two brass outriggers or spreaders, each ca 

 30 cm long, spreading from both sides of a conical lead, three to four hundaed 

 gr in weight. A worm-gut snood 2 m long is generally fastened to each out- 

 rigger, with a small hook at the distal end. A small bag is usually fastened 

 to the lead to hold tole bait. Immature mackerel or yearlings ai'e caught in 

 large quantities with haul-seines in shallow waters. 



Genus Rastrelliger Jordan <t Starks. 



Rastrelliger, Jordan & Dickersun. 1908. 



Body deeply compressed. Mouth kirge, maxillarj' nearly reaching the 



posterior edge of the eye. Dentition fteble, the vomer and palatines toothless. 



Gilirakers exceedingly long and numerous. Intestine very long, bent several 



times. Found in ti'opical and subtropical regions of the Indo-Pacific. 



Rastrelliger chrysozonus (Rüp^jel). 



Gurukim (Ryukyu Is.), murehji (Naha, Ryukyu). 



Fig 63. 



SromUr chryimomts Hippel, N. W. Fische, 37, Taf. XI, Fig. 1, 1838, 



Scomber microlepidohis. Day, Fish. Iu<liii, 250, PI. LIV, Figs. 3—6, 1875—78 ; Kitahara, 



.lourn. Fish. B<ireau, VI, 5, PI. HI. Fig. 5, 1897. 

 Scomber kawirjart'i, .Jordan and Richards.n, Mem. Carnegie Mus., 1939. 

 MastreUiger chrysozonus, Kishinouye, Sui, Goku. Ho, I, 8, 1915. 



D. 10, 12, 5. A. 12, 5. Vert. 13 + 18. 



In freshly preserved specimens in formalin the back is Viliiish with gi-oenish 

 lustre in the anterior paii, a row of greyish dot? on ea«.-h side of the base of 



