2154 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



similar to the ordinary nutrient media. For example, the one upon which the 

 largest amount of work has been done, is made up of agar, 15 grams; gelatine, 

 15 grams; Liebig's extract, 5 grams; dextrose, 10 grams; water, 1000 c. c. 

 This material, as will be seen, differs from the ordinary nutrient agar in hardly 

 any point except that the peptone is oi7iitted. In the other media which he 

 describes the peptone is in a similar manner always omitted. Using these media 

 for cultivating typhoid and colon bacilli Hiss finds the two species very readily 

 differentiated. The typhoid bacillus produces a colony considerably smaller than 

 the colon, and it also develops, after proper growth, an abundance of irregular 

 filaments radiating from a central colony, whereas the colon bacillus produces a 

 colony with a uniform outline. This filamentous condition is a very ready means 

 of differentiation of the two types of bacteria. h. w. c. 



Weil. Zur Schnelldiagnose der Typhusbacil- The author devises a new method for 

 len. Hyg. Rund. p. 485, 1901. -j j- • r * u -j r 



' r J ^ rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever as 



follows : A medium is prepared containing 600 grams of grated potatoes which 

 are allowed to stand 12 hours at 15°C. This material was then pressed through 

 cloth, and to 300 grams of it are added 200 grams of bouillon with a slightly 

 alkaline reaction, and 3.75 grams of agar are added to the mixture. The medium 

 is filtered and sterilized, and upon it typhoid colonies become a silvery grey and 

 finely filamentous, at a temperature of 37°, while the coli colonies are larger, 

 round or oval and do not show the filaments. By the use of these media the 

 author has been able to isolate the typhoid bacilli from water, feces, etc. 



H. W. C. 



Courmont, Jules. Concerning the Presence of After an historical glance at the ques- 

 the Bacillus of Eberth in the Blood of . , , . r 1 , -i 



Typhoid Patients and its Bearing upon the tion, the author gives a few details 

 Prognosis of Typhoid Fever. Journal of upon its technique and upon observa- 

 Phvsiology and General Pathology, Jan. . ... ^ 



1902. Bulletins and Memoirs of the Medi- ^lons made in the course of numerous 

 cal Society of the Hospitals of Paris, Jan. investigations. We give a re'sume of 

 "' ^ ~" the conclusions deduced from this 



work. 

 The typhoid bacillus exists in a constant manner in the blood of patients 

 who are suft'ering from typhoid fever in its ordinary, severe, or fatal forms ; the 

 author has no knowledge in regard to the presence in those cases where the 

 attack is either mild or averted. The microbe appears in the blood at an early 

 period, before the fifth day, and remains until the end of the third week. In 

 prolonged cases, or where a relapse occurs, the bacillus of Eberth may remain 

 still longer in the blood, or may disappear. The bacilli obtained from the blood 

 are those of Eberth, with all their specific characteristics ; they are, however, 

 only feebly agglutinative ; but this feeble power may be developed in subsequent 

 cultures. The presence of the typhoid bacillus in the blood has no bearing 

 upon its power of agglutination. The serum-reaction may be greatly retarded if 

 the bacillus has been found in the blood some time beforehand. Consequently 

 there is a very valuable method of making a preliminary diagnosis of typhoid 

 fever when the serum diagnosis is negative. This method consists in innocu- 

 lating 300 to 600 c. c. of ordinary bouillon with 2 to 4 c. c. of blood immediately 

 after it has been taken, and propagating it in the incubator at 37°. In this way 

 a pure culture of typhoid fever may almost always be obtained. On the contrary, 

 the introduction of a few drops of blood into a small quantity of bouillon gives, in 

 nearly all cases, negative results. A. Girauld. 



Tr. by Eleanor Larrabee Lattimore. 



