2282 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



VII r. Fishes. 



Any bony fish. 



IX. Annulata. 



Earthworm, sandworm (Nereis). 



X. ECHINODERMATA. 



Starfish and Sea-urchin. 



XI. PORIFERA. 



Grantia, Spongilla, commercial sponges. 



XII. Reptiles. 



Turtle, snake, lizard. 



FOURTH YEAR (Elective). 



The syllabus of the elective work in biology for this year of the curriculum 

 shall correspond to the requirements outlined by the College Entrance Examina- 

 tion Board. 



PHYSIOLOGY. 



Second Half {Tenn 11^. 

 This subject is to be studied during the term as part of the work in Zoology. 



I. Introductory : Man's place among the animals ; general composition of 



the body ; general survey of organs and tissues. 



II. Study of foods and nutrition as the source of physiological energy. 



III. Study of the structure, functions, and hygiene of the skeleton, the muscles, 



the digestive organs, the circulatory organs, with the composition of 

 blood and lymph ; the respiratory organs ; the kidneys and skin ; the 

 nervous system and special senses. Effects upon these of alcohol and 



narcotics. 



[ 



LABORATORY PHOTOGRAPHY. 



L. B. ELLIOTT. 

 Devoted to Methods and Apparatus for Converting an Object into an Illustration. 



A Simple Method of Copying for the Making of Lantern Slides. 



For the past two years I have constantly had occasion to make lantern slides 

 from cuts in books. Those who have had experience in this line know well that 

 simple as such work may seem in theory, in practice it is troublesome to carry 

 out. The books containing the cuts are usually heavy and their binding stiff. It 

 is often impossible to stand them up to copy from, and the various copying stands 

 that have been devised are large, clumsy, and not easily portable. The book 

 from which a cut is required may be in a friend's house, or in a library, and can- 

 not be borrowed. Again, when many negatives have to be made, centering of 

 the subject, focussing, and change of holders, etc., take up much time, and the 

 request recently made me by my colleague in the chair of physiology for a hun- 

 dred slides from four different books means more than a morning's work. In 

 the production of such slides I have tried all the approved methods ; used a 



