and Laboratory Methods. 2479 



be widely distended without leakage. Granules injected into the peritoneal 

 cavity enter the lymphatics of the diaphragm in great quantities and appear in the 

 mediastinal lymph glands. In the living animal after a short time the peritoneal 

 fluids are found swarming with phagocytes laden with granules, they are found 

 to make their way between the cells into the lymphaties from whence they are 

 swept away to the gland sinuses. Movements of respiration but slightly affect 

 the process. Granules can enter the lymphatics without the aid of leucocytes, as 

 shown by using the dead animal, but their number is far less ; yet the mechanical 

 factor concerned in the process cannot be entirely eliminated. In such a 

 diaphragm the granules lie about the cell borders, outlining them much as does 

 silver nitrate. They may be seen along the retracted margins of the cells, filling 

 the intercellular spaces ; finally they reach the lumen of the lymphatics. In 

 embryonic life there is a time when the pleural and peritoneal spaces are com- 

 pletely separated by the diaphragm, later the lymphatics enter this part and 

 intimate relations arise. This shows that the peritoneum is not a mere dilata- 

 tion of the lymphatic system. The fact is especially brought out by these results 

 that the lymphatics are here, as in almost all other places, a closed system of 

 canals distinct from the connective tissue and from the peritoneal epithelium. 



A. M. C. 



IT 



CURRENT ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 



CHARLES A. KOFOID, University of California. 



Books and Separates of Papers on Zoological Subjects should be Sent for Review to Charles A. 

 Kofoid, University of California, Berkeley, California. 



Lendenfeldt, R. von. Eine biologische Notiz Living sponges with gemmulae col- 

 uber Spor^illa fragilis Leidy. Arch. f. lected October 9th were placed in an 



Naturgesch. 69: I, 181-182, Taf. X, loo-?. . . , . , ^ 



aquarium with running water, but 



within three days they all died. The gemmulae were then found upon the glass 

 sides of the aquarium, where the growth of the young sponges had already 

 begun. By the 24th they had formed lobed patches 3 cm. in diameter, remain- 

 ing without change in the arrangement of the canal systems until the 26th, when 

 gemmulae began to form. On the 27th the canal systems began to diminish and 

 the soft tissues to fall away, the process continuing rapidly until the 30th, when 

 gemmulae formation was completed. Bent spicules were found to be more abun- 

 dant in sponges grown in aquaria than in natural conditions in the stream. 



C. A. K. 



, , . T^ , .., , T, J Material from the Adriatic and Medi- 



isert, A. Untersuchung uber den Bau der 



Driisenanhange des Uarms bei den Monas- terranean seas was fixed and preserved 

 cidien. Arch. f. Naturgesch. 69: I. 237- jj^ ^q per cent. formaHn. Alcoholic 



296, Taf. 12-15, 1903. ^ 



material was also used. Diluted alum 

 carmine was employed for in ioio staining, and Delafield's haematoxylin and 

 orange G on sections. c. a. k. 



