2532 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



the fusion of the second polar body and the pronucleus of the egg. Cleavage 

 forms a blastoderm which covers one pole, making a rudiment of a germ band 

 by multiplication and rearrangement of cells. The first larvae stage or "triangn- 

 li)i " gives rise to the second or legless larva by the degeneration of internal 

 organs, median metameric protuberances taking the place of legs. The sexes 

 differ in external form after the first moult. No affinity with the coleoptera is 

 indicated. a. m. c. m. 



Bohn, Q. Influence of Radium on Tadpoles. These rays have a distinct but variable 

 Compt. Rend. 136: 1012-1013, 1903. Rev. effect on the growth of the tadpoles of 



J. R. M. S. 4: 4S3, 1903- r A . A • y ■ • 1 



frogs and toads, in slowing, quicken- 

 ing, destroying or perverting development. An effect produced during the tad- 

 pole life may remain latent till metamorphosis, when monstrosity suddenly 

 results. A. M, c. m, 



Bohn, 0. Influence of Radium Rays on Ova. Over forty experiments were made by 

 Compt. Rend. 136: io8i;-io86, 1901. 1 • ^1 r o^ i , ^ 



■^ ' ^ -^ placing the ova of Stro7igylocentrotus 



lividus near a tube of radium. Apparently the rays acted on the chromatin of 



the nucleus, increasing its activity or afterwards destroying it. Spermatozoa 



(almost naked chromatin) are destroyed, but the protected chromatin of ova is 



excited and parthenogenesis induced. There seem to be no effects on tissue 



except during differentiation. a. m. c. m. 



Ziegler. H. E. Influence of Alcohol on Devel- Ova of the sea urchins Echinus micro- 

 opment. Bull. Centrbl. 23 : 448-455, 5 figs., tubercidatus and Strongylocentrotus livi- 

 ^ 4 4, 9 3-; dus were used to test the effect of alco- 



hol during development. The presence of 0.5 — 1 per cent, causes no serious 

 injury, normal plutei may result, but individual susceptibility is markedly differ- 

 ent. The presence of '2 per cent seriously disturbs development and acts as 

 poison. Cleavage is slow, often abnormal, few blastulae are formed and the 

 blastoccele tends to be too small and mesenchyme cells too numerous. Gas- 

 trulation is sluggish and mesemchyme cells disarranged ; any skeleton formed is 

 abnormal, plutei have poorly developed arms. With 3 per cent, in the sea water 

 few blastula; are formed and no gastrulae. With 4 per cent, no blastulae appear. 

 The general result is inhibition of cell-division ; nuclear division may occur 

 without cell division. Cell movements are also inhibited as shown in the modi- 

 lied gastrulation. a. m. c. m. 



„ . c TVT •. r <. TVT , •,• „ Erlich's classification of leucocyte gran- 



Marino, F. Non-existence of " Neutrophili " J b 



Granules in Leucocytes of Man and Mon- ules is not applicable tO man and mon- 

 key. Am. Instit^ Pasteur, 17: 357-364, i pl- keys, according to the author. Erlich's 

 1903. (Rev. J. R. M. S, 4: 486, 1903.) ^ ^ ° 



groups are eosinophil (acid staining), 



basophil (basic staining), neutrophil (neutral staining). Marino finds only the 

 first two present, the so-called neutrophil granules stain with either acid or eosin 

 stains and retain them. a. m. c. m. 



