Departmental Activities. 309 



As all the frigorificos are situated near to Buenos Aires, this 

 permits administratively of the establishment of two markets to which 

 all stock must be consigned. These are situated within the boundaries 

 of the city, and come under Government sanitary control. One 

 market deals with all equines, cattle, and pigs, and the other 

 is solely for sheep. All buyers visit these, and on purchase consign 

 stock per rail direct to frigorificos. 



The breeds of cattle most favoured are in order of importance : 

 Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus; of sheep: Leicesters, 

 Lincolns, Merino; of pigs: Poland, China, and Berkshire. The 

 diseases of importance met with in stock are: — Cattle: foot and 

 mouth, tuberculosis, actinomycosis, anthrax. Sheep : foot and mouth, 

 scab, anthrax. Pigs : tuberculosis, foot and mouth, trichinosis. 



In some areas Texas fever or ordinary redwater is prevalent 

 amongst cattle, and a campaign of tick eradication is proceeding. 

 East Coast fever does not exist. 



During 1919 the following were slaughtered under Govern- 

 ment supervision : 2,052,498 steers, 256,263 cows, 6171 calves, 

 2,551,404 sheep, 261,041 pigs. 



The following were exported during January to October, 1920 : 

 1,416,299 frozen carcasses of mutton, 3,833,178 frozen beef quarters, 

 544,705 chilled beef quarters. 



Uruguay. — The country, generally speaking, is more undulating 

 and hilly, and the veld is similar to that of the Argentine. It has 

 a population of 1,378,808, and its area is 72,153 square miles. 



The following are the approximate figures for stock at the census 

 of 1916: — Cattle, 8 millions; sheep. Hi millions; goats, 12,000; 

 pigs, 304,000. 



The country is divided into 19 departments. The three 

 frigorificos in the country are situated at the coast near to Monte 

 Video, the capital. 



The remarks already made regarding Argentine are applicable 

 to this country, with the following exceptions : — In the meat inspec- 

 tion department there are employed in Government service one chief 

 of sub-division (who is a veterinary ofiicer), 15 veterinary officers, and 

 26 laymen. The breeds of cattle most favoured are Herefords and 

 Shorthorns. 



During 1918 the following were slaughtered under Government 

 supervision: — 796,725 cattle, 119,768 sheep, 15,298 pigs. 



The following were exported during January to July, 1920 : — 

 65,456 metric tons of frozen beef quarters, 17,077 metric tons of 

 jerked meat. The latter is meat which has been salted and sun- 

 dried. 



Brazil. — On account of language difiiculty, I was not able to 

 gain much information. The Hereford breed predominates, and the 

 export of beef is on a par with that of South Africa. 



United Kingdom. — My investigations were confined to London 

 and the Smithfield market, and it is intended to publish later on a 

 full report thereon. 



