424 Poppy Seed Cake as a Cattle Food 



cent, in the second period. As is well known, the fat content shows a 

 gradual rise with advance, in the lactation period. Poppy cake, there- 

 fore, does not seem to have any deleterious effect on the fat content of 

 milk. On comparing Charts I and III it will be seen that there are 

 several good illustrations showing how percentage of fat rises with 

 decreased yield of milk and how it again falls with increase in yield. It 

 is particularly marked in the case of cow Phulia whose curves for milk 

 yield and its percentage of fat are practically reciprocals of one another. 

 The same seems to be the case for buffalo Rukminia. 



Convposiiion of butter fat. Besides affecting the yield of milk the 

 food also influences the composition of butter fat. It is stated^ that 

 the feeding of beet-root leaves increases the proportion of volatile to 

 non-volatile fatty acids (Reichert-Meissl and Polenske numbers). A 

 ration of cocoanut cake also raises the Polenske number^. The presence 

 of cotton seed oil can be detected in the butter within 12 to 36 hours of 

 its being fed to cattle*. Cotton seed meal when fed to the cattle affects 

 the quality of the butter, raising the melting point and lowering the 

 Reichert-Meissl and saponification values*. 



Every third day throughout the experiment, except where otherwise 

 stated, the cream was separated from a portion of milk. The cream was 

 allowed to ripen and afterwards churned in a small glass churn. The 

 butter produced was melted with the usual precautions and the following 

 determinations made in the fat: Zeiss Butyro-refractometer values (at 

 40° C), the Reichert-Meissl number, the Polenske number and the 

 saponification value. 



The following table (Table V) exhibits the data obtained. 



Butyro-refractometer readings. The analytical figures obtained are 

 graphically represented in Chart IV. The average Zeiss Butyro-refracto- 



"■ Siegfield, " Influence of feeding with cocoanut cakes and beetroot leaves on the com- 

 position of butter fat; especially as regards Polenske and Reichert-Meissl values of the 

 same." Chem. Zeif. 31, 1907, p. 511; Zeils. U liters. Nnhr. und Genussm. 13(1907), p. 513; 

 abs. in Analyst, 32 (1907), p. 256. 



.Mleman, "Influence of fertilizing and feeding on the milk constituents." Molk, Ztg. 

 27 (1913), p. 1666; abs. in Expt. Sta. Rec. 30 (1914), p. 475; and Boes and Weyland, 

 " Influence of sugar beet feeding on the composition of the milk fats," Zcits. Unters. Nalir. 

 und Oenussm. 29 (1915), p. 473; abs. in E.rpf. Sta. Sec. 33 (1915), p. 674. 



- Cranfield, loc. cit. ; Siegfield, loc. cit. 



^ Smith, Wells and Ewing, "Changes in the composition of butter fat produced by 

 feeding cotton seed oil"; abs. in Expt. Sta. Rec. 35 (1916). p. 775. 



* Eokles and Palmer, "Effect of feeding cotton seed products on the composition 

 and properties of butter." Missouri Sta. Res. Bull. 27; abs. in E.rpl. Sta. Rec. 37 (1917), 

 p. 72. 



