LITTORINA 



Species 30. (Mus. Ciimiiif;.) 

 LiTTOKlNA TENEBB03A. LM. lesld conico-ovatd, ohtecte 

 perforata, aufractibus subangustis, rotundatis, nunc 

 Uevihm, nunc spiraliter liratis ; riifo-fmcd, velfulvd, 

 fiisco reticulata; aperturd eircidari, columella dila- 

 tato-simmtd. 

 The dingy Littorina. Shell conically ovate, with a 

 covered umbilicus, whorls rather narrow, rounded, 

 sometimes smooth, sometimes spirally ridged ; red- 

 dish-brown, or fulvous reticulated with brown ; aper- 

 ture circular, columella dilately sinuated. 

 Turbo tenebromis, Montagu, Test. Brit. vol. ii. p. 303. 

 Supp. pi. 20. f. 4. 

 Turbo vestitus, Say. 

 Littorina tenebrosa, Forbes. 

 Hab. Britain and United States. 



Of this little species there are two very distinct varie- 

 ties ; one smooth and the other ridged. It is said to run 

 into L. rudis ; but it requires a considerable stretch of the 

 imagination to trace this specific relationship. 



Species 31. (Pig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) 



Littorina palliata. Lilt, testa subgloboso-ovatd, soli- 

 diusculd, imperforaid, spird vix exsertd, anfractibus 

 converis, minutimmi granuloso-striatis, versus aper- 

 ttiram expansis ; caruleo-fuscd, purptireo-fasciatd, aut 

 fulvescente-olivaced; aperturd semicireulari, columelld 

 lat? callosd, interdum rufo-purpttred. 



The clothed Littorina. Shell somewhat globosely 

 ovate, rather solid, imperforated, spire scarcely ex- 

 serted, whorls convex, very minutely granularly stri- 

 ated, expanded towards the aperture ; ash-brown, 

 banded with purple, or fulvous-olive ; aperture semi- 

 circular, columella broadly callous, sometimes red- 

 dish-purple. 



Turbo palliat us. Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 

 vol. ii. p. 2 to. 

 Littorina palliata, Gould. 



Hab. United States. 



Although included in the British fauna, the existence 



of this species upon our coast has not been satisfactorily 



determined. It is abundant on the shores of the United 



States. 



Species 32. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) 



Littorina hugosa. Lift, testa ovato-ghbosd, solidd, im- 

 perforatd, spird parvd, acntd, anfractibus tumido-con- 

 vexis, longitudinaliter rude corrugatis, spiraliter li- 

 neari-sulcatis ; opaco-albd, carneo-fuscescente, obscure 

 pallidissime tinctd; columelld latinsime excavatd. car- 

 neo-fuscescente maculatd. 



The wrinkled Littorina. Shell ovately globose, soUd, 

 imperforated, spire small, sharp, whorls tumidly con- 

 vex, longitudinally rudely wrinkled, spirally linearly 

 grooved ; opake-white, very faintly obscurely tinged 

 with flesh-purple, columella very broadly excavated, 

 spotted with flesh-purple. 



Menke, Specim. Moll. New Holland, p. 9. 



Hab. Mouth of the Swan River, New Holland. 



A very solid opake-white globose shell, encircled with 



linear grooves, curiously rudely wrinkled longitudinally, 



and remarkably broadly excavated upon the columella. 



Species 33. (Fig. a, b, c, Mus. Cuming.) 



Littorina rudis. Litt. testa ovato-globosd, interdum 

 obtecte nmbilicatd, solidissimd, spird brevi, acuta, an- 

 fractibus convexis, lievibus aut spiraliter lineari-snl- 

 catis ; albidd, carneo-fusco fasciatd, aut luted, inter- 

 dum nigro-lineatd ; aperturd parvd, contractd, circu- 

 lari, columdld callosd. 



The rude Littorina. Shell ovately globose, sometime.'? 

 with a covered umbilicus, very solid, spire short, 

 sharp, whorls convex, smooth or spirally linearly 

 grooved ; whitish, banded with flesh-brown, or yel- 

 low, sometimes black in the linear grooves ; aperture 

 small, contracted, circular, columella callous. 



Turbo rudis, Donovan, Brit. Shells, vol. i. p. 33. f 3. 

 Turbo Uttoreus, Maton and Ilackett. 

 Littorina rudis, Johnston. 

 Littorina zonaria. Beau. 

 Littorina nigrolitieata. Gray. 



Halt. Britain and United States. 



The specimens figured in the accompanying Plate re- 

 present the most characteristic varieties of this well- 

 known species, the last, Fig. 33 c, being the L. nigru- 

 liiieata of Gray. 



May, 1857. 



