ENERGY VALUES OF HOMINY FEED AND MAIZE 

 MEAL FOR CATTLE 



By Henry Prentiss Armsby, Director, and J. August Fries, Assistant Director, 

 Institute of Animal Nutrition of The Pennsylvania Stale College 



COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS BETWEEN THE INSTITL'TE OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF 

 THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE AND THE BUREAU OP ANIMAL INDUSTRY OF 

 THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



INTRODUCTION 



Hominy feed is a by-product of the milling of maize {Zea mays) for the 

 production of hominy. In the winter of 1909-10 a series of 10 respiration 

 calorimeter tests was carried out at the Institute of Animal Nutrition for 

 the purpose of determining, by the methods outlined in a previous paper 

 (2),^ the net energy value of this by-product as compared with that of the 

 maize from which it is manufactured. Some of the data obtained, to- 

 gether with earlier results on maize meal, were included with others in 

 the general discussion of net energy values contained in the paper just 

 referred to, but a review of these results and a more specific comparison 

 of maize with its by-product, hominy feed, or hominy chop, including 

 some more recent results on maize meal (3) seem desirable. 



THE FEEDING STUFFvS 



As stated, hominy feed is a by-product of the manufacture of hominy 

 or brewers' grits. In addition to their use as food, these products are 

 used somewhat extensively by brewers and bakers. They are intended 

 to consist substantially of the endosperm of the maize from which the 

 hulls and germs have been completely separated. It is desired to reduce 

 their percentage of fat to the minimum, and for this reason maize low in 

 fat is preferred and special stress is laid upon the complete separation 

 of the germ. White corn is used exclusively. It is first moistened to 

 loosen the hull and then is passed through a machine called a "degermi- 

 nator," which cracks the grains and is intended to remove the hulls and 

 germs. The first separation, however, is incomplete, and from this point 

 the material undergoes a process of gradual reduction and separation 

 similar in its general outline to that used in the milling of wheat. 



A comparison of the composition of our hominy feed,^ as shown by 

 analyses of two independent samples, with that of the hominy feed used 



1 Reference is made by number to " Literature cited," p. 613. 



2 Through the courtesy of the Miner-Hillard Milling Co., of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., we were able to obtain for 

 experimental purposes a quantity of the freshly manufactured hominy feed and also of the maize from which 

 it was made, and likewise to secure data as to the yield of the various products of the milling. 



Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. X, No. 12 



Washington, D. C. Sept. 17, 1917 



jt Key No. Pa.— 2 



(599) 



