76 Journal of Agricultural Research voi.xx,No.i 



subcutaneously into the ventral abdominal wall, and immediately after- 

 wards a dose of the echinacea was given per os. No. 50 was found dead 

 on the following morning. The surviving pigs were given a dose of the 

 echinacea mixture. The total amount of echinacea given in the first 

 case was 3 mils; in the second and third cases it was 4 mils. These latter 

 guinea pigs died on the third day after the injection of the venin. All 

 the animals showed the characteristic symptoms and local lesions of this 

 type of poisoning. On autopsy, the characteristic local lesions were 

 found, consisting of a marked inflammatory swelling with necrosis and 

 sloughing of the skin over a considerable area surrounding the point of 

 injection. In cases of early death from rattlesnake poisoning there is 

 usually some oozing of dark, incoagulable blood from the wound at the 

 seat of injection and extensive extravasation of blood into the 

 subcutaneous and muscular tissues. The inflammatory process in most 

 cases extends through the abdominal wall and involves the peritoneum. 

 If the animal survives for several days there may be complete sloughing 

 of the abdominal wall, allowing the viscera to protrude. The internal 

 organs are usually grossly normal in appearance, except in the case of 

 the kidneys, which may be somewhat enlarged and congested with 

 evidence of parenchymatous degeneration. 



EXPERIMENT 2. — INULA AND ECHINACEA INJECTED INTRAMUSCULARLY 



Each of three guinea pigs received 0.5 mil of the "Subcoloyd Inula and 

 Echinacea" in the right thigh on the first day; on the second day the same 

 dose was injected into the left thigh, both injections being made deeply 

 into the gluteal muscles. The total protective dose was 1 mil. On the 

 third day 1 mil of the venin solution, equal to 2 mgm. of dry venin, was 

 injected subcutaneously into the belly, and immediately afterwards 0.5 

 mil of "Subculoyd" was injected into the right thigh. On the following 

 day all the animals showed the characteristic symptoms and 0.5 mil of 

 the " Subculoyd " was injected into the left thigh of each animal. The 

 total dose was 2 mils. On the third day No. 51 died; on the fifth day 

 No. 53 died; and six weeks later No. 52 was discharged as recovered. The 

 autopsy was the same as in experiment 1 of this series. The guinea pigs 

 showed the usual local lesions produced by the injection of the inula and 

 echinacea. 



EXPERIMENT 3. — CONTROLS 



Three guinea pigs were used as controls and were injected subcutane- 

 ously into the belly with 1 mil of venin solution, corresponding to 2 mgm. 

 of dry venin. All the controls were sick on the following day. No. 57 

 and 58 died on the second day and No. 59 on the third day after the injec- 

 tion of the venin. The autopsy showed the same conditions as in experi- 

 ment 1 of this series. There was no apparent difference between the 

 controls and the treated animals in experiments 1 and 2. 



The results are given in Table V. 



