610 Journal of Agricultural Research vol. xx. No. 8 



PUPA 



Pupa white when first formed. Length 2.8 to 3 mm.; width about 1.3 mm. Tips 

 of elytra attaining the sixth abdominal segment, tips of metathoracic tarsi not ex- 

 tending beyond wing tips. Head rounded, beak short and broad. Head provided 

 with two prominent spines towards vertex, two smaller ones on sides above eyes, a 

 spine on each side of front between eyes, two pairs on beak between frontal ones and 

 base of antenna, two pairs on beak between base of antenna and tip of beak, and four 

 pairs of small setae on tip of beak. Prothorax provided with two pairs of antero- 

 marginal setigerous tubercules, one pair of antero-lateral, two pairs of postero-lateral, 

 and four pairs of dorsal setigerous tubercules. Mesonotum and metanotum each pro- 

 vided with two pairs of spines. Abdomen with eight distinct dorsal tergites; dorsal 

 area of each armed with two pairs of large spines; lateral area of each tergite armed 

 with a spine at base of which is a small seta. Epipleural lobes each obscurely armed 

 with one or two minute setae. Ninth segment armed as usual with two prominent 

 pleural spines. 



SITOPHILUS ORYZA > 



SYNONYMY 2 

 Sitophilus oryza Linn. 1763. 



" oryzae Linn. Amoen. Ac. VI. 1763. p. 395. — Oliv. Ent. V. 83. p. 97. t. 7. 



/. 81. a-b. — Gylh. Schh. Gen. Cure. IV. p. 981. — Scriba. Stett . Zeit. 1857. 



p. 377. — Kollar. Sitzgsb. Wien. Ac. 1848. V. p. 3. 



frugilega Degeer. Mem. V. p. 273. 



granaria Stroem. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Skrift., II. p. §6. 



quadriguttata Montrouz. Ann. Fr. i860, p. 910." 

 Var. zea-mais Motsch. Etudes Ent. IV, p. 77 (1855); Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. VI, 

 p. 686. 



Sitophilus oryza (PI. 73) was described in 1763 by Linnaeus. 11 is 

 thought to have originated in India, but it is now cosmopolitan in dis- 

 tribution. It is the predominant species of the grain weevils in the 

 southern States of North America, where it is known as the "black or 

 rice weevil." It is easily the commonest and most destructive grain 

 weevil in the United States. 



It closely resembles Sitophilus granarius in form but is readily distin- 

 guished by the presence of wings and the different punctuation of the 

 thorax. Technical descriptions of the adult and immature stages 

 follow. 



ADULT 



Reddish brown to piceous, opaque, elytra frequently with four rufous spots. Beak 

 slender, cylindrical, three-fourths as long as thorax, at base slightly dilated, above 

 with four rows of rather coarse punctures and with a slight fovea between the eyes. 

 Thorax longer than wide, constricted near apex, sides feebly curved, gradually diver- 

 gent to base; disc densely, deeply, and coarsely punctured. Elytra oblong, slightly 

 narrowed at tip, deeply striate, striae very coarsely and closely punctured; intervals 

 slightly convex, narrow, the sutural with a row of coarse punctures; each puncture, 

 both of thorax and elytra, bearing a very short yellowish seta. Beneath very densely 

 and coarsely punctured. 



Length 2.1 to 2.8 mm. 3 



1 Family Curculionidae, subfamily Calandrinae. 



2 Gemminger, M., and Harold, B. de. op. cit., v. 8, p. 2653. 1871. 



3 Rlatchley, W. S., and Leng, C W. op. cit., p. 575. 



