6 5 6 



Journal of Agricultural Research 



Vol. XX, No. 8 



very concentrated solution, and each of these substances has its influence 

 in lowering the freezing point of the water largely independent of the 

 others. For these reasons, a rather low freezing point of a solution is 

 possible. A very concentrated juice, therefore, in the buds would be 

 expected to freeze at a fairly low temperature. In spite of this, however, 

 the unusual hardiness of some buds to freezing is really surprising. The 

 difference in sensitiveness to cold of different buds on the same branch 

 and of the same buds at different stages of development may be in part 

 due to the difference in quality and concentration of the cell sap. 



Table I. — Classified list of the "danger points" for -various kinds of fruit as given by 



different authors 



W. H. Chandler 7 reports minimum temperature and the resulting damage by natural frost. He also 

 reports his work on the artificial freezing of detached branches. Garcia and Rigney 8 placed self-registering 

 minimum thermometers in the orchard. After a freeze the percentage of frozen buds was determined, and 

 in the fall the yield of the orchard was obtained. Their work covered five years. 



1 Wilson, Wilford M. frost. In Bailey, L. H., ed. Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, v. 3, 

 p. 1283. New York, 1915. 



2 O'Gara, P. J. the protection of orchards in the pacif t c northwest from spring frosts by 

 means OF fires and smudges. U. S. Dept. Agr. Farmers' Bui. 401, p. 20. 1910. 



3 Garcia, Fabian, and Rigney, J. W. hardiness of fruit-buds and flowers to frost. N. Mex. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 89, p. 5. 1914. 



4 Paddock, Wendell, and Whipple, Orville B. fruit-growing in arid regions . . . xx, 395 p. 

 illus. New York, 1910. 



6 Chandler, W. H. op. err. , p. 146. 



6 Garcia, Fabian, and Rigney, J. W. op. cit., p. 51. 



'Chandler, W. H. op. cit. 1913. 



8 Garcia, Fabian, and Rigney, J. W. op. cit. 



