250 Dr. J. G. Garson [April 20, 



The portion of skull was found by the late Mr. Henry Prigg, in 

 1882, at Westley, in Suffolk, seven and a half feet from the surface, 

 in a pocket of brick earth eroded in the chalk, and in an adjoining 

 pocket two molar teeth of mammoth and four Palaeolithic flint im- 

 plements were found.* The fragment of skull was part of the vertex, 

 and included the upper portions of the frontal and parietal bones 

 with part of the coronal and sagittal sutures. It was examined by 

 Mr. Worthington Smith, and in transit back to the finder of it was un- 

 fortunately smashed. As it was not a characteristic part of the skull 

 it shed little light on the cranial characters of its owner. With this ex- 

 ception, no human bones have been found in fluviatile deposits in Britain. 



The implements from the River-drift consist principally of oval- 

 pointed flints which have been fashioned by chipping, and were used 

 without handles, oval or rounded flints with a cutting edge all round, 

 scrapers for preparing skins, pointed flints used for boring, flakes 

 struck off from blocks or cores by means of large hammer stones, 

 often of quartzite, and choppers of pebble chipped to an edge on 

 one side. The tools with which these implements were manufac- 

 tured consisted of anvil stones of large blocks of flint, pointed flints 

 or punches, and carefully made fabricators. All the implements, 

 though simple and rude, show signs of manufacture, the more finely 

 finished specimens having been prepared by delicate chipping. 

 Their manufacture seems to have been carried on at certain localities 

 on the banks of rivers, and other places where there was plenty of 

 material from which to make them. It will be observed that at this 

 time there were no flint arrow-heads, and that man was but poorly 

 equipped for the chase, although it was undoubtedly by that means 

 he gained his livelihood. Besides these flints man doubtless used 

 wood and bone implements ; pieces of pointed stakes made of wood 

 have been found on the Palaeolithic floors where he worked by Mr. 

 Worthington Smith. Bead-like fossil shells of Coscinopora globulosa 

 have also been found by Mr. Smith, with artificial enlargement of 

 their natural orifices, among his implements, which would indicate 

 that they had been used for necklaces or ornaments, so that he 

 seems not to have been unmindful of his personal adornment even at 

 that early time. 



It is of importance to consider for a moment the animals which 

 lived with man at this period. There are found in the same strata 

 with him remains of the hippopotamus, two species of elephants and 

 of rhinoceros, the cave bear and lion, the wild cat, hyena, urus, bison, 

 the wild horse and boar, stag, roe, reindeer, and other animals, many 

 of which are now extinct. Man at that time had no domestic animals. 

 The only clothing he had, if he wore any, was made from the skins 

 of the animals he killed in the chase and used for food. Being far 

 from the sea, if he used fish as food, they would be such a3 he was 

 able to catch in the rivers. 



* Jour. Anthrop. Inst., vol. xiv. p. 51. 



