1922] on Auxiliary International Languages 545 



Thus was produced about 1903 the language 

 Idiom Neutral, 



the descendant of Volapuk, though scarcely any trace of the parental 

 features remained. The fundamental principles of this language 

 are unassailable. Its choice of international stems, so far as it has 

 gone, can scarcely be improved. But in its desire to be as inter- 

 national as possible, and at the same time to retain a regular system 

 of word-formation, it was torn between the two conflicting ideas of : — 



(1) The adoption of international derived forms as well as roots. 



(2) The perfectly regular and autonomous formation of words by 

 means of invariable though international affixes. 



Also, its phonetic system concealed the international form of many 

 words. Here is the Lord's Prayer in the 1903 form of Idiom Neutral : 



" Nostr patr kel es in sieli ! Ke votr norn es sanktifiked ; ke votr regnia 

 veni ; ke votr volu es fasied, kuale in siel, tale et su ter. Donu sidiurne 

 a noi nostr pan omnidiurnik ; e pardona a noi nostr debti, kuale et noi 

 pardon a nostr debtatori ; e no induka noi in tentasion, ma librifika noi 

 de it mal." 



But Mr. Bosenberger did not rest satisfied with this. In 1907-8, 

 in collaboration with Mr. De Wahl, he introduced various reforms. 

 The spelling was rendered more in conformity with international 

 graphism. The language was rendered more naturally Neo-Latinic, 

 more a posteriori, but at the sacrifice of regularity. Here is the 

 Lord's Prayer in reformed Idiom Neutral of 1907 : — 



" Nostr patr, qui es in cieli 1 Que votre nom es sanctificat ; que votr 

 regnia veni ; que votr voluntat es facit, quale in ciel, tale anque su terr. 

 Dona nos hodie nostr pan quotidian ; e pardona nos nostr debti quale 

 anque nos pardona nostr debenti ; e non induca nos in tentasion, ma 

 librifica nos da it mal." 



Idiom Neutral has not achieved the practical success of Esperanto 

 and Ido. This may be because it came too late. It appeals to 

 educated people more than Esperanto and Ido on account of its more 

 homogeneous vocabulary, which is practically exclusively Bomanic. 

 But it has not been so fully developed as Esperanto and Ido. As a 

 separate and independent project it may be said to have disappeared 

 with the death of Mr. Bosenberger in 1918. 



A language of the Neo-Latin type, somewhat similar to Neutral 

 Idiom, is the 



Banroman (or Universal) 



of the German Bositivist and Bacifist, Dr. H. Molenaar. Here is 

 the Lord's Brayer in this language : — 



" Nor patr qui es in ziel ; ton nom ese sanktifiket. Ton regn vene. 

 Ton voluntat ese faket in ziel kom in ter. Done nos hodi nor pan 

 quotidian. Pardone nos nor debeti, kom nos pardon nor debetori. E 

 non induke nos in tentazion, ma libere nos de mal." 



2 Q 2 



