1880.] on Social Democracy in Germany. 417 



evolutions the socialists may perform, tbcy will not bo of a scientific 

 cLaracter. Their motto will probably be Stabl's : Science must again 

 retrace its steps. Complete liberty would crush the weak, complete 

 equality the strong ; unscientific equality is therefore adopted instead 

 of scientific liberty. 



It is only because in Berlin the popular lines apply — 



•' Wcr die Wabrhcit kcnnct und saget sic frei, 

 Der kommt in Berlin auf die Stadt Vogtei " * — 



that the Neue Kreuz Zeitung was able to make the theory of evolu- 

 tion responsible for the crimes of Hodel and Nobiling. Forsooth 

 the danger is not that socialism may love, but rather that it will 

 hate, science. Of all anti-socialist forces science is perhaps one of 

 the strongest. 



It is easier to dispose of the relations of socialism with evolu- 

 tion than of the harmony on some important points of socialists 

 and of such men as the late Bishop von Ketteler, Moufang, and 

 Joerg, of the German centre party ; Eudolf Meyer, of the conserva- 

 tive party ; and of the school represented by Pastor Todt, who has 

 a weekly paper, called " Der Staats Socialist {von einem Pietisten, einem 

 Schutzzdllner unci einem Agrarier gestiftet)," and in which he writes: 

 " The present struggle of competition is nothing but a system of 

 expropriation veiled by illusions with regard to proi^erty." 



The practical side of social democracy is represented by the 

 Gotha programme of 1875, which adoj^ts the following principles as 

 those of the various sections of the party : — 



I. Labour is the origin of all wealth and of all culture. The pro- 

 duce of the labour of society belongs to society ; labour is universal ; 

 none are exemj)ted ; compensation is given to all concerned according 

 to their merits. The emancipation of labour must be the task of the 

 working classes, compared with whom all other classes are only a 

 reactionary multitude. 



II. Starting from these premises, the socialistic labour party of 

 Germany works towards a free State and a socialistic community. 



The socialistic labour party of Germany, though they at present 

 work in a national spirit, are aware of the international character of 

 the working class movement, and are determined to fulfil all the 

 duties which it imposes on the working men to make the fraternity of 

 all men a reality. | 



♦ " Who knows and proclaims tlie truth at Berlin is sure to get into prison." 

 t Lately the Leipziger Volks Zeitumj published the following declaration 

 addressed to it by some of the socialist leaders : " You publish : ' the Paris paper 

 Fatrie has received from one of its friends at Berlin who is in a position to be 

 well informed, a communication, according to which the socialists in Berlin, 

 Breslaii, Leipzig, Hamburg, Munich, and Stuttgardt held meetings, to come to an 

 exchange of ideas regarding the present situation in France. The socialists in 

 Leipzig, Breslau, and Munich found the progress of socialism in France so re- 

 markable, that an address was decided upon to the French biethren, of which 



Vol. IX. (No. 72.) 2 f 



