March, 1913.] Proceedings of the Society. 79 



water on marsh plants, the second living below water in a case or nest, but 

 breathing air, the third breathing water by tracheal gills and living in still 

 water, the fourth with simple gills in swift-flowing water exemplified by an 

 unnamed species discovered at Ithaca. Dr. Forbes discussed a number of 

 species feeding on strictly marsh plants, including the snout moths, Scirpo- 

 phaga sp., feeding on rushes, Schccnobius sp., feeding on roots, Nonagria with 

 large end spiracles, Leucania unipuncta, Ommatostola and other salt marsh 

 forms. Referring to the Nymphulina, he spoke of the fresh leaves of which 

 the cases in which the larva lives below the water are composed, aiding in 

 aerating the water, and the habit of the larva to wriggle every few seconds to 

 change the water. He said that among those with tracheal gills, those that 

 began the life cycle in June would live on the surface of the leaves, and the 

 pupa would be formed there, while the August brood would at first mine the 

 young tender leaves at the root, forming movable cases later, hibernating 

 among the stems and being active as late as November. There is no known 

 fully aquatic imago, but Nymphula icciusalis can come up through the water 

 before expanding and apparently must do so. Dr. Forbes exhibited part of 

 the Museum collection, pointing out especially the forms provided with gills 

 and living on Elodea and water lilies. 



Mr. Barber, speaking of the " Hemiptera of Moist Terrestrial Environ- 

 ment," said the species of Acanthiidse were found along wet shores, also the 

 toad bugs, Gelastocoris sp. Their life history is unknown, but they are assumed 

 to be carnivorous. Of the Pentatomidse species like dubius and ligata feed on 

 marsh plants. 



Mr. Davis, commenting on Mr. Grossbeck's list, said that Painphila pano- 

 quin was often found upon sea lavender, a plant of moist situations on salt 

 marshes, but that he had found the imagos in some numbers in Cape May 

 County, N. J., at least a mile from sea lavender, among golden rod, introducing 

 some doubt as to its being exclusively an insect of moist terrestrial environ- 

 ment. Similarly, while all Saturnidas are liable to be found in moist situations, 

 witness the great baggy cocoons of Cecropia on Decadon verticillata (loose- 

 strife), yet they were not so found exclusively, and care should be exercised 

 to avoid drawing false conclusions. 



Mr. Grossbeck and Dr. Forbes discussed these remarks ; the latter stated 

 that he had found the imago of gill-bearing Nymphulinae a quarter mile from 

 water and considered such adult flight no contradiction of the known larval 

 habit. 



Mr. Davis, continuing, spoke of the Orthoptera of places where wet feet 

 might be expected ; he said the grouse locust, Ophelia pelidina, was pretty regu- 

 larly confined to places that were quite wet. Of Schistocerca the form rubi- 

 ginosa was confined to dry situations, while the form ahitacea would be found 

 in quite wet places. Melanoplus bivittattis was also more often found in wet 

 places. Paroxya floridiana and atlantica and Scudderia texensis were further 

 instances. In Conocephalus the species exiliscanorus is emphatically the marsh 

 species, while the other species inhabit upland meadows, sometimes moist but 

 often dry. Orchelimum pulchellum and Gryllotalpa borealis and the species of 



