86 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxi 



as one Conocephalus and one cricket. As to the grasshoppers, of which he 

 showed seven species, a cultivated field was really the place where most indi- 

 viduals would occur, few preferring really wet or really dry places. The species 

 shown were : 



Spharagemon saxatile, on the exposed lichen-covered rocks at Newfoundland, 



N. J., Ramapo, N. Y., etc. 

 Scirtettica mannorata, found in dry sandy places. 

 Psinidia fenestralis, found in dry sandy places, often with the preceding ; the 



wings of this species are of two colors, yellow and red. 

 Trimerotropis maritima, occasionally found in dry sandy places inland, as at 



Lakehurst, Chatsworth and Hornerstown in New Jersey, and, according to 



Dr. Osburn, on the shores of Lake Erie; the color of this species is in 



harmony with its environment. 

 Cercotettix verniculatus, found on exposed rocks like S. saxatile, occurs at 



Dover, N. J. ; the specimens exhibited came from Delaware Water Gap ; 



others were found on North Mountain, Pa., with Dr. Lutz. 

 Schistocerca damnifica occurs not infrequently at Lakehurst, N. J., and further 



south in dry situations. 

 Schistocerca alutacea rubiginosa, a small pine barren form of this species, is 



often quite common at Lakehurst, N. J., in the driest situations. 

 Conocephalus robustus occurs in meadows, but is also to be found on dry dunes, 



among the Hudsonia tomentosa and tall grasses that grow a little way back 



from the shore. 

 Gryllus abbreviatns, often found in the driest situations on barren hilltops and 



sand dunes, also in cultivated fields, eating tomatoes, but then in small 



numbers only, this species being one that seldom strays from dry places. 



In reply to a question from Dr. Forbes, Mr. Davis added that a dry year 

 was not beneficial to grasshoppers unless preceded by a moist period early in 

 the season, the real benefit to the grasshoppers being the failure of the fungus 

 disease in a dry summer. 



This topic being further discussed by Dr. Osburn and Dr. Lutz, it appeared 

 that the greatest development of grasshoppers in species and in individuals was 

 reached in the arid western regions, but that it was particularly a development 

 of the CEdipodini (embracing the genera with brightly colored wings). 



Mr. Grossbeck said there were few Lepidoptera peculiar to dry situations. 

 Prionapteryx nebulifera, which feeds on huckleberry at many stations in the 

 pine barrens and builds a tube under ground and extending seven or eight 

 inches up the stalk, composed of sand grains held together by silken threads, 

 affords an example of special adaptation. Other Lepidoptera exhibit structures 

 adapted to existence in arid regions, such as the corneous protuberances ob- 

 served in Geometridse and supposed to serve for breaking through the pupa 

 skin and the baked ground. In morina, glaucina and synglorhis there is also 

 a claw on the fore tibiae. In Aids dislocaria there is a tibial claw but no frontal 

 protuberance, while in Canocharis the frontal protuberance exists without the 

 claw. Mr. Grossbeck also spoke of a small geometer found by Dr. Riley on 



