Sept. ii, 1916 



Progressive Oxidation of Cold-Storage Butter 



93i 



were also prepared, packed into tubes, and stored under the same con- 

 ditions as the foregoing samples. The effect of a large amount of air 

 upon a small quantity of butter fat and upon buttermilk containing 

 varying quantities of acid was studied by filling other tubes with pumice 

 fragments which were then impregnated with fat or buttermilk and an 

 analysis of the air therefrom made after certain intervals in storage had 

 elapsed. 



DESCRIPTION AND MANIPULATION OF THE GAS APPARATUS USED 



In figure 1 is depicted the apparatus constructed for use in the extrac- 

 tion and analysis of the air confined in the packages of the various 



a. 2. / 



Fig. i. — Diagram of gas apparatus used in the extraction and analysis of the air confined in butter. 



samples of butter fat and butter put up and stored for the investigation 

 which has been described. The apparatus is of glass throughout and 

 consists of three divisions: (1) The system for extracting the gas from 

 the butter tubes, (2) the Topler pump for transferring the gas so obtained 

 to (3) the usual Hempel apparatus. The rigid and undetachable arrange- 

 ment of glass tubing and mercury-seal stopcocks comprising the upper 

 part of 1 is conveniently fastened to a wooden frame by means of small, 

 brass pipe bands in the manner seen in Plate CXI, which shows the entire 

 apparatus set up f6r use. The lower, detachable parts of the extracting 

 system (see fig. 1) consist of the butter tube B. T., the construction and 

 nature of which are described later and which contains the sample 



