228 



Journal of Agricultural Research 



Vol. XVIII. No. 4 



in all the different tests. In the Wenatchee experiment part of the apples 

 were stored in a room cooled by direct expansion and the others in a room 

 cooled by the bunker system. In the former experiment there was 

 practicall)^ no air movement, while in the latter the apples were stored 

 at a distance of about 3 feet from an opening in the outgoing air duct 

 and were constantly fanned by an air current moving at the rate of 0.88 

 miles per hour. Two boxes of apples of each variety were used under each 

 storage condition. The Grimes were stored September 18, the Stayman 

 Winesap October 12, and the Rome Beauty October 2. All were in the 

 direct expansion storage room till October 21, when half of each lot was 

 moved to the bunker system storage. The final notes on the Grimes were 

 taken February 15 and on the Stayman Winesap and Rome Beauty 

 March 25. All the apples were held at a temperature of 20° C. (68° F.) 

 for four days before the notes were taken. 



Table XI. — Apple-scald in direct expansion and bunker systems of cold storage 



Kind of storage. 



Direct expansion. 

 Bunker 



Percentage of scald. 



Grimes. 



35 



Stayman 

 Winesap. 



Rome 

 Beauty. 



II 

 8 



The results would indicate that the bunker system was much more 

 favorable to scald prevention than the direct expansion. It should be 

 noted, however, that with the bunker storage the apples were given one 

 of the most favorable locations in the room so far as air circulation was 

 concerned. Anemometer readings showed that the air in the lower 

 corners of the room was practically stagnant and but little affected by the 

 air circulation above. What the results in Table XI do show is that 

 a continuous air circulation at the rate of 0.88 mile per hour practically 

 ehminates scald on box apples. 



In the experiment at Winchester, Va., all the apples were stored in 

 large rooms cooled by a direct expansion system, but the different lots 

 were variously located so as to receive different amounts of aeration. 

 One of the storage rooms had two outside windows, each 3 feet wide and 

 5 feet high, in the west wall of the room, and two similar windows 

 in the east wall. The doors in the elevator shaft were near the east end 

 of the room. The windows and doors were thrown open on cool nights 

 and the outside air admitted freely into the storage room. A -^ 

 horsepower ventilating fan was sometimes used in one of the doors. 

 Such breezes as were obtained v.ere so soon dissipated that it was never 

 possible to obtain anemometer readings at a greater distance than 10 

 feet from any of the windows. 



