240 Journal of Agricultural Research voi. xviii, no 4 



experiments in which only part of the fruit was wrapped, scald has been 

 greatly reduced on the apples adjacent to the wrapped ones as well as 

 on the wrapped apples themselves. 



(8) Typical scald has been artificially produced in a few days' time 

 by exposing apples to the vapors of ethyl acelate, amyl acetate, or methyl 

 butyrate. 



(9) The manner in which scald can be produced artificially and the 

 different methods of control indicate that the disease is due to the accumu- 

 lation of esters or similar products of the apple in the tissues of the fruit 

 and in the surrounding air. The vapors of these substances can be 

 carried away by air currents or absorbed by fats and oils. 



LITERATURE CITED 

 (i) Beach, S. A., and Eustace, H. J. 



1909. COLD STORAGE FOR IOWA GROWN APPLES. lowa Agf. Exp. Sta. Bill. Io8, 



p. 391-414- 



(2) Brooks, Charles, and CoolEy, J. S. 



I917. EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AERATION AND HUMIDITY ON JONATHAN-SPOT AND 



SCALD OF APPLES IN STORAGE. In Jour. Agr. Research, v. 11, no. 7, p. 287- 

 318, 23 fig., pi. 32-33. Literature cited, p. 317-318. 



(3) 



1917. TEMPERATURE RELATIONS OF APPLE-ROT FUNGI. In Jour. Agr. Research, v. 



8, no. 4, p. 139-164, 25 fig., 3 pi. 



(4) and Fisher, D. F. 



1918. IRRIGATION EXPERIMENTS ON APPLE-SPOT DISEASES. In Jour. Agr. Research, 



V. 12, no. 3, p. 109-138, 10 fig., pi. 2-5. Literature cited, p. 136-137. 



(5) CooLEY, J. S., and Fisher, D. F. 



1918. APPLE scald. In Jour. Agr. Research, v. 16, no. 8, p. 195-217, 11 fig. 



(6) Greene, Laurenz. 



I913. COLD STORAGE FOR IOWA GROWN APPLES. lowa Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 144, p. 

 355-378, 2 fig. 



(7) Markell, E. L. 



191 5. SOME RESULTS OP THE APPLE STORAGE INVESTIGATION BY U. S. In Better 



Fruit, V. 10, no. 5, p. 19-26. 



(8) Powell, G. Harold, and Fulton, S. H. 



1903. THE APPLE IN COLD STORAGE. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Plant Indus. Bul. 

 48, 66 p., 6 pi. (partly col.). 



(9) Ramsey, H. J., McKay, A. W., Markell, E. L., and Bird, H. S. 



1917. THE HANDLING AND STORAGE OF APPLES IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST. U. S. 



Dept. Agr. Bul. 587, 32 p., 7 pi. ♦ 



