472 Journal of Agricultural Research voi. xvni, no. 9 



possible ; and this was the principal method used by the writer. Webster 

 Says: 



Rhyssalus oscinidis Ashm. is parasitic on a species of Osciais larvse mining leaves of 

 plantain at Washington; 



but the miner referred to is now known to be Agromyza melampyga Loew, 

 not Oscinis. 



At present it can only be said that Oscinis frit appears to be freely par- 

 asitized by minute Hymenoptera, but observations have not as yet 

 excluded all doubt in any case. 



REMEDIES 



The similarity of this insect's attack upon wheat to that of the Hessian 

 fly indicates that a solution of the one trouble may carry the other with 

 it. Unfortunately, the Hessian fly, although it has received a vast 

 amount of attention, continues to inflict serious loss upon agriculture. 



As far back as 1777, Bierkander (j) made recommendations for the 

 control of Oscinis frit by changing the methods of tillage, and down to 

 the present this is the only direction in which a lessening of its injury 

 seems practicable. 



Wheat sown early in the fall is more infested than that sown later, so 

 the recommendation of late sowing to escape the Hessian fly will be 

 equally applicable for Oscinis frit, but with this difference, that with the 

 Hessian fly the possibility of infestation entirely ceases at a certain date, 

 but with O. frit the chances decrease regularly until cold weather. 



Wheat sown in the late spring is more infested than that sown early. 



Continuous cropping in wheat appears to make no difference with the 

 fly, which migrates freely for considerable distances. 



LITERATURE CITED 



(1) AVERIN, V. G. 



1913. SHORT NOTES. (Abstract.) In Rev. App. Ent., s. A, v. i, pt. 12, p. 

 497-498. Original article in Bulletin on the Pests of Agriculture and 

 Methods of Fighting Them, no. 7, p. 15-16. 1913. (Russian.) 

 Issued by the Entomological and Phytopathological Bureau of the 

 Zemstvo of Charkov. 



Cites paper on Oscinis frit read by N. V. Kurdjumov at the first Russian Congress 

 of Economic Entomologists in Kiev. 



(2) Becker, Th. 



1912. chloropidae; monographische studiE. Teil IV-V. Ann. Mus. Nat. 



Hungarici, v. 10, 236 p., 2 fig., i pi. 



(3) Bierkander, Clas. 



1777. RON CM roT-maskEn. K. Svcuska Vetcnsk. Acad.Handl., v. 38, p. 29-43. 



(4) COQUILLETT, D. W. 



1898. on the habits of the oscinid^ and agromyzid.^. U. S. Dept. Agr. 

 Div. Ent. Bui. 10, n. s., p. 70-79. 

 (5) 



1900. P.\PERS FROM THE . HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION. IX. In PrOC. 



Wash. Acad. Sci., v. 2, p. 389-464. 

 (6) CriddlE, Norman. 



1913. INSECT PESTS OF SOUTHERN MANITOBA DURING I912. In 43d Ann. Rpt. 



Ent. Soc. Ontario, 1912, p. 97-100. 



