&2 Journal of the Department of Agriculture. 



Have a deep hole dug within this fenced enclosure into 

 which throw scum and the dirty dip, etc., when the tank 

 is cleaned out. Numbers of cattle are poisoned through 

 drinking dip out of sumps and even the tank itself, by 

 licking up the scum which has been thrown out, and by 

 licking- earth around the tank which has been saturated 

 with overflow, etc., from the tank and draining pens. 



(g) Use a dredger to remove the sediment which collects at the 

 bottom of tanks ; this prevents waste, as the whole tank 

 will not require cleaning out so often. 



2. Isolation or Destruction of all Diseased Animals. — Theo- 

 retically this should not be necessary, for the reason that if all 

 diseased cattle are dipped and hand-dressed regularly at short intervals 

 no ticks capable of conveying infection should escape, but in practice 

 it is found too risky to leave diseased animals to roam at will. 

 Dipping, and more particularly hand-dressing of the ears, around ihe 

 eyes, etc., are generally not sufficiently thorough to obviate the escape 

 of a few ticks. Again, when cattle are very ill they cannot travel 

 any distance to a tank, and of course to leave them undipped is fatal 

 to the eradication of the disease, consequently the destruction or 

 isolation of all the diseased cattle is strongly recommended (the former 

 for preference), but natives often object to even their sick cattle being 

 destroyed, and in that case the diseased animals must be isolated in a 

 small, well-fenced camp and not removed even for dipping- purposes. 



3. Grass Burning. — On infected farms the grass should be burned 

 at the season when it is likely to destroy the greatest number of ticks, 

 which would be as early as possible in the winter when the grass has 

 dried sufficiently. 



4. Temjjerature Camps. — Tliis method of dealing with an out- 

 break of East Coast fever is generally impracticable. It gives 

 excellent results where clean fenced veld can be obtained, but infec- 

 tion is rarely confined to any particular paddock. The procedure is 

 to temperature the whole herd on the infected land. All cattle with 

 normal temperatures are placed in a paddock known to be free from 

 infection ; tliese cattle must now be temperatured early every morning 

 for thirty days, and any showing abnormal temperatures are destroyed 

 or returned to the infected part of the farm. This method often 

 means that the cattle in the clean paddock are cut off from the dipping 

 tank because they cannot reach it without passing over infected veld. 

 It answers well when cattle can be temperatured and removed from an 

 infected farm on to a clean one provided with a tank. 



Cattle Movements. 



I have made no mention of the control of cattle movement under 

 the permit system as a means of preventing the spread of East Coast 

 fever. This undoubtedly plays an important part in combating the 

 disease, but it hardly comes within the province of individual farmers, 

 who can, however, help considerably towards its practical application. 



The present system no doubt often proves irksome to both 

 European and native cattle owners, and the latter especially some- 

 times go away dissatisfied when their applications for movement of 

 cattle are refused, because they cannot grasp the necessity for such 



