Feb. i8. 1918 Efficacy of Some Anthelmintics 435 



the treatment showed that one hog was freed from ascarids, the three 

 others still remaining infested. 



It is evident that the administration of drugs by mixing them with 

 the feed is a method which gives little promise of success, and the far 

 greater efficacy achieved when the drug is given individually after a 

 fast more than compensates for the extra labor involved. 



In order to be certain that the comparative failure in this treatment 

 resulted from the method of administration and not from an insufficient 

 dose of chenopodium, the experiment was repeated, allowing 2.5 mils 

 of oil to each of the three hogs remaining infested. This experiment 

 resulted in a total failure, all the hogs remaining infested after the 

 experiment. 



The above experiments were concerned solely with the action of cheno- 

 podium against ascarids, no attention being paid to its action on other 

 intestinal parasites. In order to test its action on nodular worms 

 (Oesophagostomum dentatum) three doses of oil of chenopodium were given 

 to one hog at intervals of 10 days, two fecal examinations being made 

 after each dose. The chenopodium was given with 3.7 mils of areca 

 nut after preliminary starvation, and, so far as could be judged from 

 the fecal examinations, there was no diminution in the number of nodular 

 worms. On account of their location in the cecum and colon, where 

 they are protected by a large mass of fecal material, it is not surprising 

 that a vermifuge given by the mouth has little or no effect upon nodular 

 worms. The extensive colon of the pig is rarely, if ever, approximately 

 empty, even after prolonged starvation. Probably the best way to 

 reach worms in this location is by the use of diluted anthelmintics in the 

 form of enemata, as suggested by Railliet {1915). 



As Chenopodium anthelminticum grows abundantly in the vicinity of 

 Washington, D. C, a test was made to determine the possibilities of 

 feeding the entire plants to the hogs. The test was made when the plants 

 were in full seed and therefore contained the maximum amount of oil. 

 A large armful of chenopodium plants was placed daily in a hogpen con- 

 taining three hogs. The amount given represented about all the hogs 

 would clean up in a day, and the experiment continued for 19 days. 

 Although the hogs received their usual daily ration, they ate the chenopo- 

 dium plants readily. At the end of 19 days one hog was apparently 

 free from ascarids (A scans suum). 



While this treatment has the obvious disadvantage of inaccuracy in 

 dosage and is applicable only in those regions where the chenopodium 

 plant grows abundantly, it has the great advantage of costing nothing 

 but the labor of gathering the weeds. At least it would seem worthy of 

 further trial. 



A test of the dried seeds of chenopodium was made in the following 

 experiment: Each of three infested hogs was given daily 3 gm. of 

 chenopodium seed and 3 gm. of areca nut mixed with the feed. The 



