444 Journal of Agricultural Research voi. xii. No. 7 



scale and the results, as far as they could be determined, were entirely 

 satisfactory. 



Oil of chenopodium appeared to be effective for stomach worms in 

 sheep, although the data on this subject are not sufficient to warrant 

 its recommendation. It is also of some efficacy for hookworms in sheep 

 and in dogs, though in the latter case chloroform was found more reliable. 



Other remedies which seem to have more or less merit as anthelmintics 

 against ascarids are the latex of Ficus laurifolia, santonin in repeated 

 doses, and thymol. Although thymol in repeated doses is fairly effica- 

 cious against hookworms, it was inferior to chloroform for this purpose, 

 causing more distress. An excellent preparation for mixed infestation 

 in dogs consists of equal parts of oil of chenopodium and chloroform, given 

 at the rate of 0.2 mil per kilo, combined with 30 mils of castor oil. This 

 preparation may be expected to remove all the ascarids present, a large 

 proportion of hookworms, and possibly a certain percentage of whip- 

 worms. This latter parasite seems to be very difficult to eliminate, and 

 nothing tried by the writers proved very efficacious, almost any anthel- 

 mintic occasionally proving successful. This experience may perhaps be 

 explained by an intermittent peristalsis of the cecum, which occasionally 

 allows the anthelmintic to enter, but which usually excludes it. Although 

 chloroform was fairly successful in removing stomach worms from sheep, 

 both animals upon which it was tried subsequently died from its effects, 

 and it would seem to be too dangerous for use on sheep. 



In the case of stomach worms in sheep, copper sulphate was found to be 

 the most satisfactory remedy, the experiments confirming the findings of 

 Hutcheon. A simple apparatus (fig. i) devised by the senior writer 

 reduces the labor involved in drenching a flock of sheep and insures 

 accurate dosage. Petroleum benzin also proved satisfactory and was 

 more efficacious for hookworms than copper sulphate. However, it is 

 much more expensive than copper-sulphate solution, must be given three 

 times, and in a vehicle like milk, which adds greatly to the expense. The 

 fact that petroleum benzin (refined gasoline) proved efficacious, while 

 commercial gasoline was considerably less so, is perhaps related to the 

 differences in specific gravity and consequent volatility of the refined 

 product compared with the commercial product. 



Among anthelmintics intended for use against tapeworms, male-fern 

 proved efficacious when tested on dogs. In the case of cats it removed 

 all tapeworms from 75 per cent of the animals tested, though it proved 

 fatal to two out of six animals which were somewhat enfeebledf rom disease. 

 Apparently it is more toxic to cats than dogs and should be prescribed 

 with caution and only given to healthy subjects. So far as can be 

 judged from a single experiment with dogs, there seems to be no danger 

 in combining male-fern with castor oil, as is done in the so-called Her- 

 mann's mixture. In fact, the writers are inclined to agree with Seifert 



