was continued up to October, 1914, the majority of the parasites 

 liaviug been collected in the State of Illinois. During this time a 

 total of about 2,500 parasites (including adults, larvje and pupae) 

 were received from these workers, and of these a total of about 1,000 

 parasites were liberated. The great majority of these were wasps 

 l)elonging to the genus Tiphia. (See Plate VII, fig. 8.) In addition 

 to the parasites sent here, a number of cocoons of Elis were sent to 

 Mr. 0. H. Swezey in Hawaii for use against the white-grubs of those 

 islands. 



Following is a list of the better known PJiyUophaga parasites oc- 

 curring in North America. From these it was necessary for the 

 parasite collectors to choose those species which could be most easily 

 collected in numbers and sent to the Island. 



North American Parasites op Phyllophafia Labv^. 



1. Tipkia inornata Say. — A black Scoliid wasp of wide distribu- 

 tion in the States, and possibly infesting the grubs of several species 

 of May-beetles f7, 21, 35). It is the commonest and best-known 

 American parasite of white-grubs. There are several related species, 

 for the most part feebly differentiated from it. (In Europe a .species 

 called Tiphia femorata attacks white-grubs of several MelolontJiids 

 (82) ; another. Tiphia parallela, attacks Phytalas s»nthi in Barba- 

 dos (18). and Dyscinetus hidentafus in Demarara) (16). 



2. EJis (Myzine) 5-rincta Fab. — A common Scoliid white-grub 

 parasite occurring in the Central States, but more local in distribution 

 than the Tiphia. There are otlier species of this genus Found in 

 restricted localities. 



8. Ophion bifoveolatum. — An Ichneumonid wasp that parasitizes 

 white-grubs, but is far less common in most localities than the Scoliid 

 wasps. 



4. Pelecinus polyturator. — A Proctotrypoid wasp, the female of 

 which has a very long body, as if for penetrating the soil for ovi- 

 jiosition. It lias been reared by Professor Forbes from May-beetle 

 larva' and, being very abundant in timber land in some districts of 

 the Middle West, may be a more important enemy of white-grubs 

 than is generally known. 



5. SparHopoUus fulvu.s Wied. — A small Boinbyliid fly parasitic 

 npon white-grubs, of only sectmdary importance, however. 



6. Fromaihus vertebratns Say. — A large Asilid fly, larvae of which 

 are predacious upon white-grubs. The species is said by Mr. J. J. 

 Davis (5) to be a prominent grub enemy in certain parts of Wis- 

 consin. A nearly related species in the P]ast is Promaehus fitchii 0. S. 



58 



