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Distribution. — Almosfc cosmopolitan. 

 Found all over China. A winter 

 visitant in the Yangtse Valley, rather 

 common from September to about 

 April. 



Notes. — This bird is also trained by 

 the Chinese to serve as a means of 

 catching smaller birds for them. 



x\stur cuculoides (Temm.), Tem- 

 minck's Goshawk is a summer visitant 

 and 



Astur soloensis (Hoi's.), Horsfield's 

 Goshawk, 



Accipiter virgatus (Temm). Besra 

 Sparrow Hawk, and 



Accipiter gularis (T. and S.) , Japanese 

 Sparrow Hawk, pass the Yangtse 

 Valley on migration. 



ORDER, GALLIFORMES, FOWL-LIKE BIRDS. 



Birds of this order all have four 

 toes except in one family, the Turni- 

 cidae. The hind toe is small, and 

 elevated above the others. The bill 

 is short, stout and hard ; the upper 

 mandible is arched and more or less 

 overhangs the lower, as in the 

 domestic chicken. The legs are of 

 moderate length, but are always 

 strong, as these birds are mainly ter- 

 restrial, and depend on their legs both 

 for escaping danger and for securing 

 their food by scratching the surface of 

 the ground. 



Family, Turnicldae, The Bustard Quails or 

 Hemipodes. 



This is a small family of small birds, 

 whose appearance at once suggests 

 an immature Quail, their structural 

 characteristics however would suggest 

 a near relationship to the Kails. As 



