GREEN WOODPECKER. 



469 



carpal joint to the tip of the fourth and longest primary, 

 six inches and a half. 



Adult females have less red on the head, and the mandi- 

 bular patch wholly black : the dark markings on the belly 

 are often distinctly arrow-headed. 



In the young, on leaving the nest, the occiput is dark 

 grey, the feathers only tipped with scarlet ; the sides of the 

 head, the throat and neck are dull white, closely streaked 

 with greyish-black, the mandibular patch being hardly per- 

 ceptible ; the breast and belly dull white, strongly barred 

 with greyish-black, the bars taking first the form of cres- 

 cents and then of arrowheads, each feather being subter- 

 minally marked ; wing-coverts and back greyish-olive, the 

 former spotted with dull white and yellow, and the latter 

 with yellowish-green ; rump dull yellow barred with olive.* 



The vignette is intended to represent the sternum of this 

 species. 



* Mr. Gurney has a beautiful variety, shot in Norfolk (Zool. p. 3800), in 

 which the rump-feathers and some others are tipped with flame-colour. Similar 

 examples are said to be in the Museum at Pisa (Zool. p. 4250) ; but Italian 

 ornithologists seem to be silent respecting them, though Sig. de Betta records 

 (Material! per una Fauna Veronese, p. 174) a not less remarkable variety of a 

 fine canary-yellow, except the crown of the head which was bright purple-red. 



